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Remediation of Environmental Contaminants Through Phytotechnology

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Abstract

Environmental pollution caused by organic pollutants, radionuclides, and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) affects the quality of the biosphere (water, air, and soil). Rapid industrial growth, mining, agricultural inputs, sewage water, and industrial effluents application in soil all contribute to contamination. Remediation of these valuable resources, as well as prevention of new pollutants, have long been required to avoid negative health effects. Several remediation strategies have been applied for environmental pollutants. Phytoremediation is potentially a viable and promising approach which uses green plants to remove, detoxify, or degrade toxic PTEs from the environment. In this review, the application of phytotechnology for pollutants removal and their underlying mechanisms (phytoextraction/phytoaccumulation, phytotransformation, phytostimulation, phytovolatilization, phytorhizodegration, and phytostabilization) were studied. The current study pointed out that the efficiency of phytoremediation can be affected by various factors such as treatment time, temperature, pH, EC, OM, plant density, electric field, and chelating agents. In the end, this review systematically summarized existing knowledge, merits/demerits, prospects, and future aspects of the phytoremediation for remediating polluted soil and water bodies.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (41907314) and the 519 Natural Science Research Project of Education Department of Anhui Province (KJ2021A0136).

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  1. Asad Abbas

    Present address: Western Sydney University, School of Science, Penrith, Australia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, 241000, China

    Abdul Latif & Zhiming Chen

  2. Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal, Pakistan

    Abdul Latif, Muhammad Arsalan & Madeeha Khan

  3. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Aown Abbas

  4. Department of Agriculture, Soil and Water Testing Laboratory for Research Dera Ghazi Khan, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan

    Javed Iqbal, Rehmat Ullah, Muhammad Bilal & Farhat Bashir

  5. Ningbo Urban Environment Observatory and Monitoring Station Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Zhongke Road Chunxiao, Beilun District, Ningbo, 315830, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China

    Muhammad Azeem

  6. Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, Japan

    Waleed Asghar

  7. Department of Agriculture, Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Chakwal, Chakwal, Punjab, Pakistan

    Rizwan Latif & Muhammad Ehsan

  8. School of Science, Western Sydney University, NSW 2751, Penrith, Australia

    Asad Abbas

  9. Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan

    Saqib Bashir & Safdar Bashir

  10. Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan

    Khalid Saifullah khan

  11. College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China

    Kai Sun

  12. Wuhu Institute of Technology, Wuhu, 241003, China

    Wu Kang

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  1. Abdul Latif
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Contributions

Abdul Latif, Aown Abbas, and Javed Iqbal: writing—original draft; Waleed Asghar: writing—review and editing; Rehmat Ullah and Muhammad Bilal: writing—review and editing; Muhammad Azeem: writing—review and editing; Muhammad Arsalan: writing—review and editing; Madeeha Khan: writing—review and editing; Rizwan Latif: writing—review and editing; Muhammad Ehsan: writing—review and editing; Asad Abbas: writing—review and editing; Saqib Bashir, Safdar Bashir, Khalid Saifullah Sun Kai Wu kang, and Farhat Bashir: writing—review and editing; Zhiming Chen: supervision and editing. All the authors have participated equally for this manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Abdul Latif, Muhammad Azeem or Zhiming Chen.

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Highlights

• For environmental pollutants cleaning from contaminated sites, phytoremediation is a viable and ecologically friendly technique.

• Various plants could be employed in phytoremediation to lower the pollutants.

• Plant species use distinct phytomechanisms to phytoremediate various contaminants.

• The efficiency of phytoremediation is affected by various factors.

• Future prospects and merits/demerits of phytoremediation are supported by recent research.

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Latif, A., Abbas, A., Iqbal, J. et al. Remediation of Environmental Contaminants Through Phytotechnology. Water Air Soil Pollut 234, 139 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-023-06112-2

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