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Evidence of the change in ploidy levels in the plantlets established from endosperm culture of Persian shallot (Allium hirtifolium)

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Abstract

Allium hirtifolium (Amaryllidaceae), called “Mooseer” or Persian shallot in Iran, is a bulbous plant with high medicinal values. It is native and endemic to the North West to central and South West of Iran. In the present study, regeneration plants with chromosomal changes are produced through in vitro mature and immature endosperm culture. In our study, both cultured endosperms formed yellow- green calli induced in the MS medium supplemented with (1.5 or 2 mg·L− 1) 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4- D), (0.5 or 1 mg·L− 1) α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) plus (0.5 or 1 mg·L− 1) 6-furfurylamino purine (Kin) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The highest callus induction in mature (87.62%) and immature (62.49%) endosperms was achieved on a medium with 1 mg·L− 1 NAA and 1 mg·L− 1 BAP. Regenerated shoots were transferred for bulblet formation to investigate their potential for bulblet production. Regeneration of plantlets from endosperm tissue shows high chromosome variations and polyploidy. Flow cytometry analysis and chromosome number confirmed that diploid (2n = 2x = 16), triploid (2n = 3x = 24), tetraploid (2n = 4x = 32) and aneuploid plantlets were obtained. The comparison of stomatal density and size in complete plantlets has revealed that with the increase ploidy level, stomatal density decreased because of enlargement in stomatal size.

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Acknowledgements

This work is based upon research funded by Iran National Science Foundation (INSF) under project No 99027060. We would like to thanks Jaroslav Dolezel from the Laboratory of Molecular Cytogenetics and Cytometry, Institute of Experimental Botany, Sokolovska´ 6, CZ-77200 Olomouc, Czech Republic, for sending standard references seeds.

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This project was funded by University of Tabriz, as the PhD. thesis of first author.

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  1. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, 51666-14766, Tabriz, Iran

    Amin Jahanian, Alireza Motallebi-Azar, Jaber Panahandeh & Mohammadreza Dadpour

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  1. Amin Jahanian
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Jahanian, A., Motallebi-Azar, A., Panahandeh, J. et al. Evidence of the change in ploidy levels in the plantlets established from endosperm culture of Persian shallot (Allium hirtifolium). Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 156, 78 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-024-02694-9

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