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Indirect organogenesis and in vitro bulb formation of Pancratium maritimum

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Abstract

Sea daffodil (Pancratium maritimum L.), which belongs to the Amaryllidaceae family, grows in sandy areas along coastal regions and its population is at risk due to the exploitation of its natural resources for medicinal purposes, tourism, and urbanization. Micropropagation is employed to conserve and sustain endangered plant species like P. maritimum. In this investigation, different types of explants (leaf, root, and mature zygotic embryos) from P. maritimum were cultured on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (1, 2, 4 mg l−1) and 6-Benzyladenine (BA) (0 and 1 mg l−1) for callus induction. The callus formation rate, callus growth rate, embryogenic callus rate, and callus type were evaluated. The induced calli were further tested for shoot formation on MS medium supplemented with 2 mg l−1 BA and 0.2 and 0.5 mg l−1 2,4-D. The results showed that the highest callus induction was achieved using zygotic embryo explants and the medium containing both 2,4-D and BA. Successful shoot formation from callus was determined using both MS media supplemented with 2 mg l−1 BA and 0.5 or 0.2 mg l−1 2,4-D, with a success rate of 90%. To induce in vitro bulb formation of P. maritimum plantlets, MS medium containing varying concentrations of sucrose (20, 40, and 80 g l−1), BA (0, 1, and 2 mg l−1), and 2,4-D (0, 0.1, and 0.2 mg l−1) was utilized. The bulb formation rate of P. maritimum was successful in all growth media, ranging from 60 to 82%. The diameter of the bulb was found to increase with higher sucrose concentration (80 g l−1) in the growth medium. The impact of plant growth regulators on bulb weight was more pronounced in nutrient medium containing low sucrose concentration (20 g l−1). Efficient protocols for embryogenic callus induction, organogenesis, regeneration, bulb formation, and acclimatization were developed for P. maritimum, providing valuable insights for future studies.

Key message

Pancratium maritimum is an endangered plant with medicinal and decorative value. We have successfully developed a comprehensive protocol for its micropropagation, including callus induction, regeneration, bulb formation, and acclimatization.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

MS:

Murashige Skoog

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

BAP:

6-Benzylaminopurine

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic

NAA:

Napthalene acetic acid

PGRs:

Plant growth regulators

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Acknowledgements

Data presented in the study were obtained from the MSc thesis of Sara Yasemin (corresponding author). Special thanks are due to the Çukurova University, Scientific Research Projects Coordinating Office (Project No: FBA-2015-4083) for supporting the present study.

Funding

The authors have not disclosed any funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University, Kezer, Siirt, Turkey

    Sara Yasemin

  2. Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Balcalı, Adana, Turkey

    Nezihe Koksal & Saadet Buyukalaca

Authors
  1. Sara Yasemin
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  2. Nezihe Koksal
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  3. Saadet Buyukalaca
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Contributions

SY, NK and SB contributed to the conception and design of the study. SY wrote the first draft and curated the data. SY conducted the experiments. SY and NK contributed to the manuscript revision. SY performed the statistical analyses. NK supervised, SY and NK read and approved the submitted version.

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Correspondence to Sara Yasemin.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

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Communicated by M. I. Beruto.

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Yasemin, S., Koksal, N. & Buyukalaca, S. Indirect organogenesis and in vitro bulb formation of Pancratium maritimum. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 154, 713–727 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-023-02545-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-023-02545-z

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