Abstract
We investigate the possibility to diagnose the κ-distributions from the EUV spectra observed by the Hinode/EIS spectrometer. Observable lines of the most abundant elements except Fe are considered. Synthetic spectra for the κ-distributions with κ=2 – 10 and the Maxwellian distribution were calculated for a range of temperatures and electron densities. We find that only a small number of O, S, Ca, and Ni line ratios are sensitive to κ. A list of the best diagnostic options using transition region and coronal lines is provided. Usually, the line ratios sensitive to κ are also sensitive to electron density. Weak O iv lines are a notable exception. These lines offer greatest sensitivity to κ from all the lines observed by Hinode/EIS. Density diagnostics using lines of the non-Fe elements is discussed and the influence of κ on the diagnostics of electron density is presented. The density diagnostics using these non-Fe EIS lines are strongly affected by both known and unknown blends. Therefore, we performed the density diagnostics using the Fe xii – xiv lines. Subsequently, these proposed diagnostic methods for κ-distributions are tested using the spectral atlas obtained by Brown et al. (Astrophys. J. Suppl. 176, 511, 2008). These data do not provide conclusive evidence for the presence of κ-distributions due to possible plasma multitermality, a low observed signal-to-noise ratio, and unremovable or unknown blends.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the grant of Scientific Grant Agency, VEGA, Slovakia, Grant. No. 1/0240/11, Grant 209/12/1652 of the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic and the Bilateral Project CZ-SK-0153-11 (7AMB12SK154) involving the Slovak Research and Development Agency and the Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic. JD acknowledges support from the Comenius University Grant No. UK/11/2012. Hinode is a Japanese mission developed and launched by ISAS/JAXA, with NAOJ as domestic partner and NASA and STFC (UK) as international partners. It is operated by these agencies in co-operation with ESA and NSC (Norway). We are very thankful for the existence and availability of the CHIANTI database. CHIANTI is a collaborative project involving the NRL (USA), the Universities of Florence (Italy) and Cambridge (UK), and George Mason University (USA).
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Mackovjak, Š., Dzifčáková, E. & Dudík, J. On the Possibility to Diagnose the Non-Maxwellian κ-Distributions from the Hinode/EIS EUV Spectra. Sol Phys 282, 263–281 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-012-0136-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-012-0136-0