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MsDIUP1 encoding a putative novel LEA protein positively modulates salt tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

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Abstract

Background

Salt stress seriously impacts the plantation and productivity of global alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Previously, we genetically defined the M. sativa DROUGHT-INDUCED UNKNOWN PROTEIN 1 (MsDIUP1) as a drought tolerance gene of alfalfa. However, whether it is associated with salt tolerance needs to be explored.

Results

In this study, we re-classified MsDIUP1 as a putative novel late embryogenesis abundant protein, and found its promoter activity was strongly induced by salt and ABA treatment. Heterologous overexpression of MsDIUP1 in Arabidopsis led to enhanced salt tolerance and ABA insensitivity, with a higher fresh weight, lateral root number, primary root length, and survival rate compared to the wild-type (WT) plants. Similarly, homologous overexpression of MsDIUP1 also enhanced the salt tolerance of alfalfa over-expression (OE) plants, accompanied by reduced oxidative damage, higher K+/Na+ ratio, increased osmoprotectant accumulation, and improved photosynthetic capacity relative to the WT plants. In reverse, disruption of MsDIUP1 expression caused a salt-hypersensitive phenotype of alfalfa RNA interference (RNAi) plants, with higher oxidative damage, less osmoprotectant accumulation, and lower photosynthetic pigment content than that of the WT. These physiological discoveries were in accordance with differential transcript profiles of the relevant genes associated with stress signaling, antioxidant defense, and osmotic adjustment in the salt-treated alfalfa WT, OE, and RNAi lines. Furthermore, we found that alfalfa OE plants showed no apparent alteration in their forage quality compared with the WT plants.

Conclusions

Overall, these results reveal that MsDIUP1 improves plant salt tolerance via regulating stress signaling, antioxidant defense, ion homeostasis, osmotic adjustment, and photosynthesis.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFF1003200), the Inner Mongolia Seed Industry Science and Technology Innovation Major Demonstration Project (2022JBGS0040), the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2022M721442), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (lzujbky-2022-pd07), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32271748 and 32201444).

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  1. State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Dong Luo, Xi Zhang, Yulian Li, Yuguo Wu, Pengzhen Li, Chenglin Jia, Qinyan Bao, Qiang Zhou, Wenxian Liu & Zhipeng Liu

  2. Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China

    Dong Luo

  3. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics and CAS Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266000, China

    Chunxiang Fu

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  1. Dong Luo
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Luo, D., Zhang, X., Li, Y. et al. MsDIUP1 encoding a putative novel LEA protein positively modulates salt tolerance in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Plant Soil 487, 547–566 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-023-05951-6

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