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The G protein γ subunit is important for nitrogen uptake and grain yield in rice under elevated CO2

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Abstract

Aims

The gene qPE9-1, which encodes the G protein γ subunit, is important for nitrogen (N) use in rice and in regulating rice photosynthesis under elevated CO2 (eCO2). However, under a changing climate, the qPE9-1 response to combined increasing atmospheric CO2 (aCO2) and soil N availability is unclear. Therefore, we investigated the regulative roles of qPE9-1 in rice N use under eCO2.

Methods

Wild-type (WT) and qPE9-1 RNAi rice plants were exposed to low (LN) and high (HN) N treatments under aCO2 (400 ppm) and eCO2 (800 ppm) in the growth chamber and the field Open-Top Chamber (OTC). Rice growth, net photosynthetic rate, and N uptake were determined in the growth chamber. Then, the OTC was used to evaluate to the combined impacts of eCO2 and N on rice yield.

Results

Under HN conditions, the dry weight and net photosynthesis rate of WT plants was significantly increased under eCO2 compared with aCO2; however, there was no significant difference in the qPE9-1 RNAi lines. The CO2 and N levels had relatively minor effects on the carbon concentration of all plants. Regardless of the CO2 concentration, the N concentrations in the roots and leaves of all plants were significantly reduced under LN treatment compared with HN. Under LN conditions, eCO2 enhanced the N content of WT plants, but had no significant effects on the RNAi lines. The grain yield of WT plants was also significantly increased by eCO2 under HN treatment in the field OTC, whereas the RNAi lines were not affected.

Conclusion

The G protein γ subunit qPE9-1 is involved in N uptake under elevated CO2; however, this response is affected by N levels. These findings provide useful information on efficient N management for adapting to the future CO2-enriched environment.

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Acknowledgements

The financial support for this work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFE0118100) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872169).

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  1. Ke Wang and Feiyun Xu contributed equally.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Joint International Research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in Crop and College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 350002, Fuzhou, China

    Ke Wang, Feiyun Xu, Wei Yuan, Zhiwei Feng, Leyun Sun & Weifeng Xu

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  1. Ke Wang
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Contributions

Ke Wang, Feiyun Xu, Weifeng Xu and Wei Yuan designed and conducted the experiment, and modified the manuscript. Leyun Sun and Zhiwei Feng helped perform the experiment and collect samples. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Wei Yuan or Weifeng Xu.

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Wang, K., Xu, F., Yuan, W. et al. The G protein γ subunit is important for nitrogen uptake and grain yield in rice under elevated CO2. Plant Soil 482, 543–551 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05707-8

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