Abstract
Aims
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi often occur in mangrove ecosystems, but how different AM fungi interact with mangrove plants is still unclear. Here, we aimed to study the root colonization patterns of AM fungi in two major mangrove tree species, Rhizophora stylosa Griff. and Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam., that dominate the estuarine and freshwater sides of an ecotone.
Methods
We sampled the roots and soils in a mangrove forest on an island in southern Japan and examined the root colonization rates and community compositions of AM fungi using microscopy and high-throughput sequencing of the small subunit (18S) rRNA gene.
Results
Microscopy revealed AM fungal structures in roots from some individuals of B. gymnorhiza but not of R. stylosa. Molecular analysis detected DNA sequences of Glomeraceae species in roots of both species, but detected those of Acaulosporaceae species only in B. gymnorhiza roots. Glomeraceae species were associated with higher soil electrical conductivity (EC), and Acaulosporaceae species with lower soil EC. The presence/absence of sequences of Acaulosporaceae species was significantly associated with the presence/absence of AM fungal structures (microscopic evidence) in B. gymnorhiza.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that salinity influences AM fungal community composition in mangrove soils, and that AM fungi such as Acaulosporaceae species form trophic associations with B. gymnorhiza and could help mangrove tree nutrition in saline and low-nutrient environments.
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Data availability
The sequence data has been deposited in the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ) sequence read archive (accession number DRA010799). The other data are available in the electronic supplementary material.
Code availability
Not applicable.
Change history
28 May 2022
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-022-05454-w
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Acknowledgements
We thank Mr. K. Kaneko and the staff at Iriomote Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus for their assistance with the field survey. The comments of anonymous reviewers improved this manuscript substantially. This work was funded by the Joint Research Program of Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University (grant no. 30D2002) and the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (project nos. JPMEERF20172012, JPMEERF15S11400) of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of Japan.
Funding
This work was funded by the Joint Research Program of Arid Land Research Center, Tottori University (grant no. 30D2002) and the Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (project nos. JPMEERF20172012, JPMEERF15S11400) of the Environmental Restoration and Conservation Agency of Japan.
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Y.A. and T.I. conceived the research; Y.A., T.I., and S.B. conducted the field survey and sampling; Y.A. and T.T. conducted the molecular experiments and data analysis; Y.A. wrote the draft; all authors contributed to the drafts and approved publication.
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Akaji, Y., Inoue, T., Taniguchi, T. et al. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities of a mangrove forest along a salinity gradient on Iriomote Island. Plant Soil 472, 145–159 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05193-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-021-05193-4