Abstract
All optical analog to digital converters will play crucial roles in the future generation of all optical data processing. Cascading optical limiters is a suitable method for designing all optical analog to digital converters. In this paper an optical limiter was proposed using two nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonator, then by cascading 4 optical limiters an structure was proposed for realizing a 5-bit all optical converter. With the help of two examples the correct operation of the proposed structure was confirmed. The total foot print of the proposed structure is about 1796 mm2.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alipour-Banaei, H., Rabati, M.G., Abdollahzadeh-Badelbou, P., Mehdizadeh, F.: Effect of self-collimated beams on the operation of photonic crystal decoders. J. Electromagn. Waves Appl. 30, 1440–1448 (2016)
Andalib, A.: A novel proposal for all-optical Galois field adder based on photonic crystals. Photonic Netw. Commun. 35, 392–396 (2018)
Askarian, A., Akbarizadeh, G., Fartash, M.: A novel proposal for all optical half-subtractor based on photonic crystals. Opt. Quantum Electron. 51, 264 (2019a)
Askarian, A., Akbarizadeh, G., Fartash, M.: All-optical half-subtractor based on photonic crystals. Appl. Opt. 58, 5931–5935 (2019b)
Cheraghi, F., Soroosh, M., Akbarizadeh, G.: An ultra-compact all optical full adder based on nonlinear photonic crystal resonant cavities. Superlattices Microstruct. 113, 359–365 (2018)
Daghooghi, T., Soroosh, M., Ansari-Asl, K.: A novel proposal for all-optical decoder based on photonic crystals. Photonic Netw. Commun. 35, 335–341 (2018)
Dideban, A., Habibiyan, H., Ghafoorifard, H.: Photonic crystal channel drop filter based on ring-shaped defects for DWDM systems. Phys. E Low-Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct. 87, 77–83 (2017)
Fakouri-Farid, V., Andalib, A.: Design and simulation of an all optical photonic crystal-based comparator. Optik (stuttg) 172, 241–248 (2018)
Fasihi, K.: All-optical analog-to-digital converters based on cascaded 3-dB power splitters in 2D photonic crystals. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron Opt. 125, 6520–6523 (2014)
Jafari, D., Nurmohammadi, T., Asadi, M.J., Abbasian, K.: All-optical analog-to-digital converter based on Kerr effect in photonic crystal. Opt. Laser Technol. 101, 138–143 (2018)
Jalali, P., Andalib, A.: Application of nonlinear PhC-based resonant cavities for realizing all optical Galois Filed adder. Optik (stuttg) 180, 498–504 (2019)
Khosravi, S., Zavvari, M.: Design and analysis of integrated all-optical 2 × 4 decoder based on 2D photonic crystals. Photonic Netw. Commun. 35, 122–128 (2018)
Konishi, T., Tanimura, K., Asano, K., Oshita, Y., Ichioka, Y.: All-optical analog-to-digital converter by use of self-frequency shifting in fiber and a pulse-shaping technique. J. Opt. Soc. Am. b. 19, 2817–2823 (2002)
Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A., Tavousi, A., Ghadrdan, M.: Full-optical tunable add/drop filter based on nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators. Photonics Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 21, 44–51 (2016)
Manzacca, G., Paciotti, D., Marchese, A., Moreolo, M.S., Cincotti, G.: 2D photonic crystal cavity-based WDM multiplexer. Photonics Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 5, 164–170 (2007)
Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M., Alipour-Banaei, H., Farshidi, E.: A novel proposal for all optical analog-to-digital converter based on photonic crystal structures. IEEE Photonics J. 9, 1–11 (2017a)
Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M., Alipour-Banaei, H., Farshidi, E.: All optical 2-bit analog to digital converter using photonic crystal based cavities. Opt. Quantum Electron. 49, 38 (2017b)
Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M., Alipour-Banaei, H., Farshidi, E.: Ultra-fast analog-to-digital converter based on a nonlinear triplexer and an optical coder with a photonic crystal structure. Appl. Opt. 56, 1799–1806 (2017c)
Miao, B., Chen, C., Sharkway, A., Shi, S., Prather, D.W.: Two bit optical analog-to-digital converter based on photonic crystals. Opt. Express. 14, 7966–7973 (2006)
Moradi, R.: All optical half subtractor using photonic crystal based nonlinear ring resonators. Opt. Quantum Electron. 51, 1–9 (2019)
Noori, M., Soroosh, M.: A comprehensive comparison of photonic band gap and self-collimation based 2D square array waveguides. Opt. Int. J. Light Electron Opt. 126, 4775–4781 (2015)
Noori, M., Soroosh, M., Baghban, H.: Highly efficient self-collimation based waveguide for Mid-IR applications. Photonics Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 19, 1–11 (2016)
Rahmani, A., Mehdizadeh, F.: Application of nonlinear PhCRRs in realizing all optical half-adder. Opt. Quantum Electron. 50, 30 (2017)
Rostami, A., Rostami, G.: Full optical analog to digital (A/D) converter based on Kerr-like nonlinear ring resonator. Opt. Commun. 228, 39–48 (2003)
Salimzadeh, A., Alipour-Banaei, H.: An all optical 8 to 3 encoder based on photonic crystal OR-gate ring resonators. Opt. Commun. 410, 793–798 (2018)
Serajmohammadi, S., Alipour-Banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F.: Proposal for realizing an all-optical half adder based on photonic crystals. Appl. Opt. 57, 1617–1621 (2018)
Serajmohammadi, S., Alipour-Banaei, H., Mehdizadeh, F.: A novel proposal for all optical 1-bit comparator using nonlinear PhCRRs. Photonics Nanostruct. Fundam. Appl. 34, 19–23 (2019)
Surendar, A., Asghari, M., Mehdizadeh, F.: A novel proposal for all-optical 1-bit comparator using nonlinear PhCRRs. Photonic Netw. Commun. 38, 244–249 (2019)
Tavousi, A., Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A.: Performance evaluation of photonic crystal ring resonators based optical channel add-drop filters with the aid of whispering gallery modes and their Q-factor. Opt. Quantum Electron. 47, 1613–1625 (2015)
Tavousi, A., Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A.: Optical-analog-to-digital conversion based on successive-like approximations in octagonal-shape photonic crystal ring resonators. Superlattices Microstruct. 114, 23–31 (2018)
Tavousi, A., Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A., Saffari, M.: Successive approximation-like 4-bit full-optical analog-to-digital converter based on Kerr-like nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators. Phys. E Low-Dimens. Syst. Nanostruct. 83, 101–106 (2016)
Tavousi, A., Mansouri-Birjandi, M.A., Ghadrdan, M., Ranjbar-Torkamani, M.: Application of photonic crystal ring resonator nonlinear response for full-optical tunable add–drop filtering. Photonic Netw. Commun. 34, 131–139 (2017)
Venkatachalam, K., Kumar, D.S., Robinson, S.: Investigation on 2D photonic crystal-based eight-channel wavelength-division demultiplexer. Photonic Netw. Commun. 34, 100–110 (2017)
Xu, C., Liu, X.: Photonic analog-to-digital converter using soliton self-frequency shift and interleaving spectral filters. Opt. Lett. 28, 986–988 (2003)
Youssefi, B., Moravvej-Farshi, M.K., Granpayeh, N.: Two bit all-optical analog-to-digital converter based on nonlinear Kerr effect in 2D photonic crystals. Opt. Commun. 285, 3228–3233 (2012)
Zavvari, M.: Design of photonic crystal-based demultiplexer with high-quality factor for DWDM applications. J. Opt. Commun. 40, 135–138 (2017)
Zhao, T., Asghari, M., Mehdizadeh, F.: An all-optical digital 2-to-1 multiplexer using photonic crystal-based nonlinear ring resonators. J. Electron. Mater. 48, 2482–2486 (2019)
Zhu, L., Mehdizadeh, F., Talebzadeh, R.: Application of photonic-crystal-based nonlinear ring resonators for realizing an all-optical comparator. Appl. Opt. 58, 8316–8321 (2019)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
All the authors declare that none of us have no conflict of interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Chen, J., Mehdizadeh, F., Soroosh, M. et al. A proposal for 5-bit all optical analog to digital converter using nonlinear photonic crystal based ring resonators. Opt Quant Electron 53, 510 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03166-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-021-03166-6