Skip to main content
Log in

On a generalized Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt system for the long waves in shallow water

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Nonlinear Dynamics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Describing the long waves in shallow water, a generalized Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt system is investigated in this paper. With respect to the horizontal velocity of the water wave and the height of the water surface, we use symbolic computation to build up (A) a scaling transformation, (B) a set of the hetero-Bäcklund transformations, from that generalized system to a known linear partial differential equation, as well as (C) two sets of the similarity reductions, each of which from that generalized system to a known ordinary differential equation. Our results depend on all the shallow-water coefficients for that generalized system.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analyzed during the current study.

Notes

  1. similar to those in Refs. [29, 30]

  2. similar to those in Refs. [35,36,37,38,39,40,41]

  3. There exist three freedoms in Remark 3, as seen in Ref. [35].

  4. More related symbolic-computation studies on other nonlinear evolution equations have been reported, i.e., in Refs. [44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51].

References

  1. Zhang, S., Zheng, X.W.: N-soliton solutions and nonlinear dynamics for two generalized Broer-Kaup systems. Nonlinear Dyn. 107, 1179 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Wazwaz, A.M.: Painlevé integrability and lump solutions for two extended (3 + 1)- and (2 + 1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equations. Nonlinear Dyn. 111, 3623 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Wazwaz, A.M.: New integrable (2+1)- and (3+1)-dimensional shallow water wave equations: multiple soliton solutions and lump solutions. Int. J. Numer. Method. H. 32, 138 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Mandal, U.K., Malik, S., Kumar, S., Das, A.: A generalized (2+1)-dimensional Hirota bilinear equation: integrability, solitons and invariant solutions. Nonlinear Dyn. 111, 4593 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Ismael, H.F., Akkilic, A.N., Murad, M.A., Bulut, H., Mahmoud, W., Osman, M.S.: Boiti-Leon-Manna-Pempinelli equation including time-dependent coefficient (vcBLMPE): a variety of nonautonomous geometrical structures of wave solutions. Nonlinear Dyn. 110, 3699 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Shen, Y., Tian, B., Liu, S.H., Zhou, T.Y.: Studies on certain bilinear form, N-soliton, higher-order breather, periodic-wave and hybrid solutions to a (3+1)-dimensional shallow water wave equation with time-dependent coefficients. Nonlinear Dyn. 108, 2447 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Liu, F.Y., Gao, Y.T., Yu, X., Ding, C.C.: Wronskian, Gramian, Pfaffian and periodic-wave solutions for a (3+1)-dimensional generalized nonlinear evolution equation arising in the shallow water waves. Nonlinear Dyn. 108, 1599 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Zhou, T.Y., Tian, B., Chen, Y.Q., Shen, Y.: Painlevé analysis, auto-Bäcklund transformation and analytic solutions of a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Burgers system with the variable coefficients in a fluid. Nonlinear Dyn. 108, 2417 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Cheng, C.D., Tian, B., Shen, Y., Zhou, T.Y.: Bilinear form and Pfaffian solutions for a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Konopelchenko-Dubrovsky-Kaup-Kupershmidt system in fluid mechanics and plasma physics. Nonlinear Dyn. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-022-08189-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Liu, F.Y., Gao, Y.T., Yu, X.: Rogue-wave, rational and semi-rational solutions for a generalized (\(3+1\))-dimensional Yu-Toda-Sasa-Fukuyama equation in a two-layer fluid. Nonlinear Dyn. 111, 3713 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Gao, X.Y., Guo, Y.J., Shan, W.R.: Letter to the Editor on a (\(2+1\))-dimensional variable-coefficient Sawada-Kotera system in plasma physics and fluid dynamics. Results Phys. 44, 106099 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Shen, Y., Tian, B., Cheng, C.D., Zhou, T.Y.: Pfaffian solutions and nonlinear waves of a (\(3+1\))-dimensional generalized Konopelchenko-Dubrovsky-Kaup-Kupershmidt system in fluid mechanics. Phys. Fluids 35, 025103 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Cheng, C.D., Tian, B., Ma, Y.X., Zhou, T.Y., Shen, Y.: Pfaffian, breather and hybrid solutions for a (\(2+1\))-dimensional generalized nonlinear system in fluid mechanics and plasma physics. Phys. Fluids 34, 115132 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Shen, Y., Tian, B.: Bilinear auto-Bäcklund transformations and soliton solutions of a (\(3+1\))-dimensional generalized nonlinear evolution equation for the shallow water waves. Appl. Math. Lett. 122, 107301 (2021)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. Li, L.Q., Gao, Y.T., Yu, X., Deng, G.F., Ding, C.C.: Gramian solutions and solitonic interactions of a (2+1)-dimensional Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt system for the shallow water. Int. J. Numer. Method. H. 32, 2282 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Whitham, G.B.: Variational methods and applications to water waves. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. A 299, 6 (1967)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Broer, L.J.: Approximate equations for long water waves. Appl. Sci. Res. 31, 377 (1975)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  18. Kupershmidt, B.A.: Mathematics of dispersive water waves. Commun. Math. Phys. 99, 51 (1985)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Zhao, Z.L., Han, B.: On optimal system, exact solutions and conservation laws of the Broer-Kaup system. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 130, 223 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Cao, X.Q., Guo, Y.N., Hou, S.H., Zhang, C.Z., Peng, K.C.: Variational Principles for two kinds of coupled nonlinear equations in shallow water. Symmetry-Basel 12, 850 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Malik, S., Kumar, S., Kumari, P., Nisar, K.S.: Some analytic and series solutions of integrable generalized Broer-Kaup system. Alex. Eng. J. 61, 7067 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Zhou, T.Y., Tian, B.: Auto-Bäcklund transformations, Lax pair, bilinear forms and bright solitons for an extended (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation in an optical fiber. Appl. Math. Lett. 133, 108280 (2022)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  23. Wu, X.H., Gao, Y.T., Yu, X., Ding, C.C., Li, L.Q.: Modified generalized Darboux transformation, degenerate and bound-state solitons for a Laksmanan-Porsezian-Daniel equation in a ferromagnetic spin chain. Chaos Solitons Fract. 162, 112399 (2022)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  24. Yang, D.Y., Tian, B., Tian, H.Y., Wei, C.C., Shan, W.R., Jiang, Y.: Darboux transformation, localized waves and conservation laws for an M-coupled variable-coefficient nonlinear Schrödinger system in an inhomogeneous optical fiber. Chaos Solitons Fract. 156, 111719 (2022)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  25. Wu, X.H., Gao, Y.T., Yu, X., Ding, C.C.: N-fold generalized Darboux transformation and soliton interactions for a three-wave resonant interaction system in a weakly nonlinear dispersive medium. Chaos Solitons Fract. 165, 112786 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Zhou, T.Y., Tian, B., Zhang, C.R., Liu, S.H.: Auto-Bäcklund transformations, bilinear forms, multiple-soliton, quasi-soliton and hybrid solutions of a (\(3+1\))-dimensional modified Korteweg-de Vries-Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation in an electron-positron plasma. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 137, 912 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Yang, D.Y., Tian, B., Hu, C.C., Liu, S.H., Shan, W.R., Jiang, Y.: Conservation laws and breather-to-soliton transition for a variable-coefficient modified Hirota equation in an inhomogeneous optical fiber. Wave. Random Complex. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1080/17455030.2021.1983237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Shen, Y., Tian, B., Zhou, T.Y., Gao, X.T.: Nonlinear differential-difference hierarchy relevant to the Ablowitz-Ladik equation: Lax pair, conservation laws, N-fold Darboux transformation and explicit exact solutions. Chaos Solitons Fract. 164, 112460 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. Gao, X.Y., Guo, Y.J., Shan, W.R.: On a Whitham-Broer-Kaup-like system arising in the oceanic shallow water. Chin. J. Phys. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cjph.2022.11.005

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  30. Gao, X.Y., Guo, Y.J., Shan, W.R.: Symbolically computing the shallow water via a (2+1)-dimensional generalized modified dispersive water-wave system: similarity reductions, scaling and hetero-Bäcklund transformations. Qual. Theor. Dyn. Syst. 22, 17 (2023)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  31. Bell, E.T.: Exponential polynomials. Ann. Math. 35, 258 (1934)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  32. Lambert, F., Loris, I., Springael, J., Willer, R.: On a direct bilinearization method: Kaup’s higher-order water wave equation as a modified nonlocal Boussinesq equation. J. Phys. A 27, 5325 (1994)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  33. Rodrigo-Ilarri, J., Rodrigo-Clavero, M.E., Cassiraga, E., Ballesteros-Almonacid, L.: Assessment of groundwater contamination by terbuthylazine using vadose zone numerical models. Case study of Valencia province (Spain). Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17, 3280 (2020)

  34. Gao, X.Y., Guo, Y.J., Shan, W.R.: Scaling transformation, hetero-Bäcklund transformation and similarity reduction on a (2+1)-dimensional generalized variable-coefficient Boiti-Leon-Pempinelli system for water waves. Rom. Rep. Phys. 73, 111 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Clarkson, P., Kruskal, M.: New similarity reductions of the Boussinesq equation. J. Math. Phys. 30, 2201 (1989)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  36. Gao, X.T., Tian, B.: Water-wave studies on a (2+1)-dimensional generalized variable-coefficient Boiti-Leon-Pempinelli system. Appl. Math. Lett. 128, 107858 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  37. Gao, X.Y., Guo, Y.J., Shan, W.R.: Reflecting upon some electromagnetic waves in a ferromagnetic film via a variable-coefficient modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili system. Appl. Math. Lett. 132, 108189 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  38. Gao, X.T., Tian, B., Shen, Y., Feng, C.H.: Considering the shallow water of a wide channel or an open sea through a generalized (\(2+1\))-dimensional dispersive long-wave system. Qual. Theory Dyn. Syst. 21, 104 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  39. Gao, X.Y., Guo, Y.J., Shan, W.R.: Oceanic shallow-water symbolic computation on a (\(2+1\))-dimensional generalized dispersive long-wave system. Phys. Lett. A 457, 128552 (2023)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  40. Gao, X.Y., Guo, Y.J., Shan, W.R.: Letter to the Editor on a shallow water wave equation in Results Phys. 43, 106048 (2022) and its generalization. Results Phys. 44, 106199 (2023)

  41. Gao, X.T., Tian, B., Feng, C.H.: In oceanography, acoustics and hydrodynamics: investigations on an extended coupled (2+1)-dimensional Burgers system. Chin. J. Phys. 77, 2818 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  42. Ince, E.: Ordinary Differential Equations. Dover, New York (1956)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Zwillinger, D.: Handbook of Differential Equations, 3rd edn. Acad, San Diego (1997)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  44. Wu, X.H., Gao, Y.T., Yu, X., Liu, L.Q., Ding, C.C.: Vector breathers, rogue and breather-rogue waves for a coupled mixed derivative nonlinear Schrödinger system in an optical fiber. Nonlinear Dyn. 111, 5641 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Shen, Y., Tian, B., Zhou, T.Y., Gao, X.T.: N-fold Darboux transformation and solitonic interactions for the Kraenkel-Manna-Merle system in a saturated ferromagnetic material. Nonlinear Dyn. 111, 2641 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Yang, D.Y., Tian, B., Wang, M., Zhao, X., Shan, W.R., Jiang, Y.: Lax pair, Darboux transformation, breathers and rogue waves of an N-coupled nonautonomous nonlinear Schrödinger system for an optical fiber or plasma. Nonlinear Dyn. 107, 2657 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Liu, F.Y., Gao, Y.T.: Lie group analysis for a higher-order Boussinesq-Burgers system. Appl. Math. Lett. 132, 108094 (2022)

  48. Wu, X.H., Gao, Y.T., Yu, X., Ding, C.C., Hu, L., Li, L.Q.: Binary Darboux transformation, solitons, periodic waves and modulation instability for a nonlocal Lakshmanan-Porsezian-Daniel equation. Wave Motion 114, 103036 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  49. Gao, X.Y., Guo, Y.J., Shan, W.R., Du, Z., Chen, Y.Q.: Magnetooptic studies on a ferromagnetic material via an extended (3+1)-dimensional variable-coefficient modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili system. Qual. Theory Dyn. Syst. 21, 153 (2022)

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  50. Yang, D.Y., Tian, B., Hu, C.C., Zhou, T.Y.: The generalized Darboux transformation and higher-order rogue waves for a coupled nonlinear Schrödinger system with the four-wave mixing terms in a birefringent fiber. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 137, 1213 (2022)

  51. Wu, X.H., Gao, Y.T., Yu, X., Ding, C.C., Liu, F.Y., Jia, T.T.: Darboux transformation, bright and dark-bright solitons of an N-coupled high-order nonlinear Schrödinger system in an optical fiber. Mod. Phys. Lett. B 36, 2150568 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We express our sincere thanks to the Editors and Reviewers for their valuable comments.

Funding

This work has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 11871116 and 11772017, and by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China under Grant No. 20S19XD-A11. X. Y. Gao also thanks the National Scholarship for Doctoral Students of China.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Xin-Yi Gao, Yong-Jiang Guo or Wen-Rui Shan.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gao, XY., Guo, YJ. & Shan, WR. On a generalized Broer-Kaup-Kupershmidt system for the long waves in shallow water. Nonlinear Dyn 111, 9431–9437 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-023-08299-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11071-023-08299-9

Keywords

Navigation