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The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases: an overview

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Abstract

Dysregulation of oxidative stress serves as a pivotal predisposing or exacerbating factor in the intricate development of numerous pathological processes and diseases. In recent years, substantial evidence has illuminated the crucial role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in many fundamental cellular functions, including proliferation, inflammation, apoptosis, and gene expression. Notably, producing free radicals within ROS profoundly impacts a wide range of biomolecules, such as proteins and DNA, instigating cellular damage and impairing vital cellular functions. Consequently, oxidative stress emerges as a closely intertwined factor across diverse disease spectra. Remarkably, the pathogenesis of several eye diseases, including age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and diabetic retinopathy, manifests an intrinsic association with oxidative stress. In this comprehensive review, we briefly summarize the recent progress in elucidating the intricate role of oxidative stress in the development of ophthalmic diseases, shedding light on potential therapeutic avenues and future research directions.

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2021YFC2702103, 2021YFC2702100).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China

    Miao Zhang, Ruixue Zhang, Xiaoyue Zhao, Zhongyu Ma, Jizhao Xin & Shuqin Xu

  2. Medical College of Optometry and Ophthalmology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250002, China

    Dadong Guo

  3. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Therapy of Ocular Diseases, Shandong Academy of Eye Disease Prevention and Therapy, No. 48#. Yingxiongshan Road, Jinan, 250002, China

    Dadong Guo

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  1. Miao Zhang
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All authors contributed to the idea and design of the article. Data collection and analysis were carried out by Zhang Ruixue, Zhao Xiaoyue, Ma Zhongyu, Xin Jizhao and Xu Shuqin respectively. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Miao Zhang, and all the authors have commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Zhang, M., Zhang, R., Zhao, X. et al. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ocular diseases: an overview. Mol Biol Rep 51, 454 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-024-09425-5

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