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Bio-inspired synthesis and characterizations of groundnut shells-mediated Cu/CuO/Cu2O nanoparticles for anticancer, antioxidant, and DNA damage activities

  • Original Paper: Nano-structured materials (particles, fibers, colloids, composites, etc.)
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Abstract

Bio-waste material-assisted nanomaterials synthesis is a newer aspect of modern nanotechnology. It is preferred over orthodox approaches for its merits, including affordability, safety, eco-benevolentness, and biocompatibility. In this report, the green fabrication of heterogeneous Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs using groundnut shell extract and assessed for their diverse biomedical properties. Diverse spectroscopic and microscopic characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were performed to confirm the synthesis of groundnut shells extract mediated Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs. XRD data demonstrated a high degree of crystallinity of the Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs and a median diameter of about 34 nm. HRTEM and SEM images disclosed the quasi-spherical morphology of NPs. FTIR study ascertained the involvement of diverse functional groups that reduced and stabilized the Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs. Moreover, the anticancer efficacy of synthesized Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs was evaluated against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) through an MTT assay and displayed activity at the IC50 of 42.66 μg/mL. Antioxidant properties of Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs were surveyed through the ABTS and DPPH assays. Furthermore, the agarose gel electrophoresis technique has scrutinized the DNA cleavage abilities of the as-prepared Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs. Hence, the present green approach represents a facile, greener, safe and cost-effective route for synthesizing Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs and opening new horizons for the biomedical sector.

Graphical Abstract

Bio-waste material-aided nanomaterials fabrication is a novel aspect of advanced nanotechnology. It is preferred over orthodox approaches for its merits, including simplicity, affordability, reliability, eco-merciful, and biocompatibility. In this context, the facile green synthesis of heterogeneous Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs via groundnut shell extracts and explored for their various biomedical applications. Diverse spectroscopic and microscopic characterization techniques such as XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and TEM were employed to confirm the biogenic synthesis of groundnut shells extract-mediated Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs. Moreover, the antioxidant, anticancer, and DNA damage potential of the as-synthesized NPs was carefully studied. Therefore, the current green approach represents a facile, greener, biocompatible, safe, and cost-effective protocol for synthesizing Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs and opening a new arena in the domain of nanomedicine.

Highlights

  • First-time report on groundnut shell extracts-mediated synthesis of heterogeneous Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs through a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach.

  • Optical, structural, and topological properties of Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs were studied using XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX and HRTEM techniques.

  • As-prepared Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs exhibited effective cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) using MTT assay.

  • Moreover, antioxidant and DNA cleavage studies of Cu/CuO/Cu2O NPs investigated.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Sanjivani Arts, Commerce & Science College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Kopargaon, 423 603, Maharashtra, India

    Shraddha Shinde, Shradha Parjane, Harshada Turakane & Suresh Ghotekar

  2. Department of Chemistry, Sikkim Institute of Science & Technology, Sikkim University, Sikkim, India

    Parita Basnet

  3. Department of Chemistry, S.N. Arts, D.J.M. Commerce & B.N.S. Science College (Autonomous), Savitribai Phule Pune University, Sangamner, 422 605, Maharashtra, India

    Rajeshwari Oza

  4. Department of Chemistry, Government College Daman (Affiliated to Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat), UT of DNH & DD, Daman, 396 210, India

    Yogita Abhale

  5. Department of Chemistry, Shri Saibaba College, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Shirdi, 423 109, Maharashtra, India

    Shreyas Pansambal

  6. Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan

    Kuan Shiong Khoo

  7. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zabol, Zabol, P.O. Box. 35856-98613, Iran

    Abbas Rahdar

  8. Department of Chemistry, Smt. Devkiba Mohansinhji Chauhan College of Commerce & Science (University of Mumbai), Silvassa, 396 230, Dadra and Nagar Haveli (UT), India

    Suresh Ghotekar

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  1. Shraddha Shinde
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  2. Shradha Parjane
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Shinde, S., Parjane, S., Turakane, H. et al. Bio-inspired synthesis and characterizations of groundnut shells-mediated Cu/CuO/Cu2O nanoparticles for anticancer, antioxidant, and DNA damage activities. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 106, 737–747 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-023-06109-7

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