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Recent Progress in Enhanced Optical, Mechanical, Thermal Properties, and Antibacterial Activity of the Chitosan/Polyvinylalcohol/Co3O4 Nanocomposites for Optoelectronics and Biological Applications

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Abstract

The present study explores the influence of Cobalt oxide nanoparticles(Co3O4 NPs) on the physicochemical characteristics of Poly(vinylalcohol)/ Chitosan (PVA/Cs) blend. Using a variety of techniques, the pure blend and the nanocomposites’ composition, structure, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties, and antibacterial activity were characterized. The Co3O4 NPs were produced by precipitation method utilizing cobalt salt as the raw material. The crystalline nature of the nanoparticles and semi-crystalline behavior of the PVA/Cs are demonstrated by the XRD data. Adding nanoparticles to the pure blend reduced the intensity of the semi-crystalline. The rise in absorption intensity observed in UV-visible spectra upon the incorporation of Co3O4 NPs into the PVA/Cs blend indicates an improved dispersion of the nanoparticles within the blend. When Co3O4 NPs are added, the energy band-gap Egdir and Egind of PVA/Cs–Co3O4 samples greatly decrease. According to TGA data, the thermal stability of nanocomposites was significantly higher than that of the PVA/Cs blend, and it rose as the concentration of nanoparticles increased. When compared to neat PVA/Cs film, mechanical property investigation of PVA/Cs–Co3O4 nanocomposites films revealed enhanced features. The effectiveness of the PVA/Cs–Co3O4 nanocomposite films in inhibiting the growth of microorganisms was assessed by evaluating their antimicrobial activity (ANMAC) against a range of bacteria and fungi. The inclusion of Co3O4 NPs led to an increase in activity against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria as well as fungi Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger (C. albicans and A. niger). The addition of Co3O4 NPs to the PVA/Cs blend effectively improved the material’s optical, thermal, mechanical, and antibacterial properties. This remarkable improvement stems from the Co3O4 NPs, which were introduced into the PVA/Cs blend in different amounts, leading to the development of novel nanocomposites. The outstanding properties of Co3O4/PVA/Cs nanocomposite films suggest their potential for applications in optoelectronics and food packaging.

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Funding

This work was supported and funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research at  Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) (Grant number IMSIU  RG23032).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. Box 5701, 11432, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Hanan Alhussain & Nuha Y. Elamin

  2. College of Science, Department of Physical Sciences, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    Azzah M. Alghamdi

  3. Department of Chemistry, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 407, 11111, Khartoum, Sudan

    Nuha Y. Elamin

  4. Physics Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Amran University, Amran, Yemen

    A. Rajeh

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  1. Hanan Alhussain
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  2. Azzah M. Alghamdi
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  3. Nuha Y. Elamin
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  4. A. Rajeh
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HA: Supervision, conceptualization, methodology, Writing—original draft, Writing—review & editing. AMA: Visualization, software, Writing—review & editing. NYE: Visualization, investigation, data curation, Writing—review & editing. AR: Data curation, Writing—review & editing, visualization, software.

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Correspondence to Hanan Alhussain, Azzah M. Alghamdi or A. Rajeh.

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Alhussain, H., Alghamdi, A.M., Elamin, N.Y. et al. Recent Progress in Enhanced Optical, Mechanical, Thermal Properties, and Antibacterial Activity of the Chitosan/Polyvinylalcohol/Co3O4 Nanocomposites for Optoelectronics and Biological Applications. J Polym Environ (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-024-03191-y

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