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Extraction and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Cassava Bagasse

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Abstract

The objective of this study was to produce highly crystalline nanocellulose from cassava bagasse, which is a by-product from the cassava starch industry that contains 15 to 50 wt% cellulose fibers. For this purpose, the lignocellulosic fiber that was isolated from cassava bagasse was bleached with sodium chlorite and hydrolyzed with sulfuric acid. The obtained suspension was spray-dried and the resulting microparticles were characterized by X-ray diffractometry to determine the crystallinity index. Microcrystalline cellulose was subjected to the same processing conditions and considered as a reference. The crystallinity index of the nanocellulose extracted from the cassava bagasse was higher than the crystallinity index of the nanocellulose extracted from the microcrystalline cellulose; 84.1 and 78.7%, respectively. No other studies have reported cellulose nanocrystals from cassava bagasse with a high crystallinity index. The nanocrystalline cellulose produced in this study is very promising for use in innovative industrial applications.

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Abbreviations

NCC:

Nanocrystalline cellulose

MCC:

Microcrystalline cellulose

CBF:

Cassava bagasse fiber

BCBF:

Bleached cassava bagasse fiber

NCC-MCC:

Nanocrystalline cellulose suspension extracted from MCC

NCC-BCBF:

Nanocrystalline cellulose suspension extracted from BCBF

SD-BCBF:

Spray-dried microparticles obtained from the NCC-BCBF suspension

SD-MCC:

Spray-dried microparticles obtained from the NCC-MCC suspension

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the support of CAPES, CNPq and UEPG/C-Labmu. Additionally, the authors wish to thank Dr. Morsyleide de Freitas Rosa for discussions about the acid hydrolysis procedure. I.M.D and L.A.P are research fellows of CNPq and would like to thank this organization for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Engineering, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030-900, Brazil

    A. P. Travalini & I. M. Demiate

  2. Department of Material Science, State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030-900, Brazil

    E. Prestes & L. A. Pinheiro

Authors
  1. A. P. Travalini
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  2. E. Prestes
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  3. L. A. Pinheiro
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  4. I. M. Demiate
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Correspondence to I. M. Demiate.

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Travalini, A.P., Prestes, E., Pinheiro, L.A. et al. Extraction and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Cassava Bagasse. J Polym Environ 26, 789–797 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-017-0983-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-017-0983-8

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