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Facile Synthesis of Ferrocene-Based Polyamides and Their Organic Analogues Terpolyamides: Influence of Aliphatic and Aromatic Sequences on Physico-Chemical Characteristics

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Abstract

Efforts have been devoted to synthesize and characterize processable polymers with desired properties. Herein, four different series of aromatic and aliphatic terpolyamides were prepared via solution phase polycondensation of 4,4′-oxydianiline and hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) with various diacids chlorides (isophthalyol dichloride, terepthalyol dichloride, 1, 1′-ferrocene dicarboxylic acid chloride and trans-azobenzene-4, 4′-dicarbonyl chloride). The structural, morphological and physico-chemical nature of as prepared polymers was explored by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis (TGA and DSC), and wide-angle x-ray diffraction. Moreover, an aliphatic diamine was incorporated in varying concentration as a flexible methylene spacer and the effect of its concentration on the properties of polyamides was also studied. Changes in various physico-chemical properties such as solubility, inherent viscosity, surface morphology and flame retarding behaviour were investigated. Marked difference in morphology and solubility was observed with the change in the ratio of segments in the chain. Inherent viscosities of polymers ranged from 1.8052–1.6274 dl/g indicating reasonably moderate molecular weights. Interestingly, ferrocene based aromatic polymers were more thermally stable (Tg 260 °C, Ti 310 °C, Th 525 °C, Tf 720 °C, for PF0), and also found to exhibit best flame retarding behavior (limiting oxygen index value for PF0is LOI 33.15%).

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank University Research Fund, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, for the financial support of this project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan

    Tehmina Khan, Zareen Akhter & Adeela Rehman

  2. Department of Chemistry, COMSATS IIT, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Asghari Gul

  3. Department of Physics, COMSATS IIT, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Arshad Saleem Bhatti

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 446-701, Republic of Korea

    Adeela Rehman

  5. Department of Chemistry, Inha University, 100 Inharo, Incheon, 22212, Korea

    Adeela Rehman

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  1. Tehmina Khan
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Contributions

TK: Conceptualization, Methodology, Experimentation, Data Acquisition, Writing original draft—Review & Editing. ZA: Writing, Review and Editing, Supervision, Funding acquisition. AG: Review and Editing. ASB: Review and Editing, AR: Writing, Review and Editing, Methodology, Supervision.

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Correspondence to Zareen Akhter or Adeela Rehman.

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Khan, T., Akhter, Z., Gul, A. et al. Facile Synthesis of Ferrocene-Based Polyamides and Their Organic Analogues Terpolyamides: Influence of Aliphatic and Aromatic Sequences on Physico-Chemical Characteristics. J Inorg Organomet Polym 32, 2928–2939 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-022-02318-9

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