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Utilization of astaxanthin from microalgae and carotenoid rich algal biomass as a feed supplement in aquaculture and poultry industry: An overview

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Abstract

Astaxanthin is one of the most effective and potent anti-oxidants astaxanthin is also a natural source for pigmentation in several aquatic organisms. Its utility to impart bright red coloration in farmed aquaculture animals is well recognized. In addition, astaxanthin has potential benefits to aquaculture species such as increasing their growth, survivability, improving flesh quality, and boosting reproductive performance and egg quality. Moreover, among of the many immunopotentiators, astaxanthin is more effective and an environmentally-friendly natural source mostly utilized in different fish diets for improving their immunological, hematological, and antioxidant properties. The demand for natural astaxanthin is also increasing in the poultry industries because of its potential in enhancing growth, immunity and pigmentation as well as the quality of both meat and egg. The green alga, Haematococcus pluvialis has received much attention for the production of astaxanthin on an industrial scale. Furthermore, Monoraphidium is another green alga that has potential for astaxanthin production. Furthermore, Chlorella zofingiensis, Chlorococcum spp., Scenedesmus spp., Chlamydomonas nivalis, Nannochloropsis spp., Chlamydocapsa spp., Chlorella vulgaris, Eremosphaera viridis, Neochloris wimmeri and Coelastrella striolata are also possible sources of astaxanthin. This review summarizes the potential microalgal sources of astaxanthin as well as downstream processing and the utilization of astaxanthin in the aquaculture and poultry industries.

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(Adapted from Wayama et al. 2013)

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(Adapted from Yamamoto et al. 2005)

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(Adapted from Correia et al. 2020)

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Acknowledgements

JRR and SK are grateful to Professor Dr. Md. Mahfuzul Haque, former Dean, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University for providing useful advices during the preparation of the manuscript. SK acknowledges the Ministry of Education (Project no. 2020/12/MoE), Bangladesh for the support of funding. ARR acknowledge fund for Improvement of Science & Technology Infrastructure in Higher Educational Institutions (FIST Project no: LSI-576/2013), Department of Science and Technology, Government of India and Centre of Excellence, Department of Biotechnology, Vignan’s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research for the support and resources. GAR thanks Dr Premachandra Sagar, Vice Chairman of Dayanada Sagar Institutions for the encouragement in the preparation of this manuscript.

Funding

This study was supported by the Ministry of Education (MoE), Bangladesh (2020/12/MoE) to the corresponding author (Saleha Khan) which is gratefully acknowledged. 

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Micro-Algal Culture, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

    Jinnath Rehana Ritu, Md Shahjahan & Saleha Khan

  2. Department of Biotechnology, School of Natural Sciences and Applied Technology, Vignan`s Foundation of Science, Technology and Research (Deemed to be University), Vadlamudi, Andhra Pradesh, 522213, India

    Ranga Rao Ambati

  3. Dr. C. D. Sagar Centre for Life Sciences, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Dayananda Sagar Institutions, Kumaraswamy Layout, Bangalore, 560111, Karnataka, India

    Gokare A. Ravishankar

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JRR, SK, RRA and MS prepared the original draft; RAG and SK reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors agreed for the submission of manuscript.

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Ritu, J.R., Ambati, R.R., Ravishankar, G.A. et al. Utilization of astaxanthin from microalgae and carotenoid rich algal biomass as a feed supplement in aquaculture and poultry industry: An overview. J Appl Phycol 35, 145–171 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-02817-9

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