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Chemically synthesized cobalt oxide incorporated copper hexacyanoferrate (Co3O4–CuHCF) composite as an efficient supercapacitor electrode material

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Abstract

Copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) is a promising material for energy storage systems due to its captivating features, such as its large surface area, three-dimensional absorbent network, reversible redox reactions and cost effectiveness. In order to further enhance its electrochemical properties, metal oxides, metallic ions, polymers and carbon-based materials can be incorporated. In this study, we focus on incorporating cobalt oxide (Co3O4) into copper hexacyanoferrate to improve its electrochemical behaviour. Remarkably, the study reveals that the specific capacitance of the resulting Cobalt Oxide Incorporated Copper Hexacyanoferrate (Co3O4–CuHCF) composite is as high as 1456 Fg−1 at a current density of 2 Ag−1, which is significantly higher than that of pure CuHCF (264 Fg−1 at 2 Ag−1). The Ragone plot clearly demonstrates the excellent capacitive behaviour of the Co3O4–CuHCF composite, making it a highly promising electrode material for the fabrication of inexpensive and flexible supercapacitors. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis indicate that Co3O4 sheets coated with CuHCF nanoparticles provide various electroactive surface sites that are responsible for the enhancement of electrochemical behaviour of prepared composite when employed as supercapacitor electrode material. The redox couples (Co3+/Co2+, Fe3+/Fe2+, Cu2+/Cu+) as confirmed by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) also enhance the electrochemical properties. Additionally, the composite material retains specific capacitance upto 85% of its original value even after 2500 cycles, further demonstrating its exceptional durability and stability. These findings suggest that the Co3O4–CuHCF composite has significant potential for use in high-performance energy storage applications.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgement

The researchers wish to extend their sincere gratitude to the Deanship of Scientific Research at the Islamic University of Madinah for the support provided to the Post-Publishing Program.

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Advanced Studies in Physics (CASP), GC University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

    Urooj Shuaib, Tousif Hussain, Farrukh Ehtesham Mubarik & Sajjad Ahmad

  2. Department of Physics, GC University Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan

    Riaz Ahmad

  3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia

    Imran Shakir

Authors
  1. Urooj Shuaib
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  2. Tousif Hussain
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  3. Riaz Ahmad
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  4. Farrukh Ehtesham Mubarik
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  5. Sajjad Ahmad
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  6. Imran Shakir
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Contributions

US wrote the main manuscript. TH designed the study. SA, FEM and US contributed to the sample preparation, measurements, data analysis and discussion. RA and IS contributed to experimental facilities. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Tousif Hussain.

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Shuaib, U., Hussain, T., Ahmad, R. et al. Chemically synthesized cobalt oxide incorporated copper hexacyanoferrate (Co3O4–CuHCF) composite as an efficient supercapacitor electrode material. J Appl Electrochem 54, 245–256 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-023-01957-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10800-023-01957-1

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