Abstract
The demand for high-rate supercapacitors with high power and energy density is increasing day by day. In this regard, the novel nickel titanate (NiTiO3) nanosphere has been synthesized by the solvothermal method and used as a potential electrode material for supercapacitor. The crystal structure and bonding parameters in the unit cell of trigonal NiTiO3 spinel have been explored from X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The preferred oxidation states of Ni2+, Ti4+, and O2− have been elucidated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Morphology study has confirmed the size/shape of the developed nanosphere. The electrode shows a high specific capacitance (885 F g−1) and energy density (30.73 Wh kg−1) without compromising power density (124.21 W kg−1) at a current density of 0.5 A g−1 in 1 M Na2SO4 and remains interestingly unchanged even change of current density from 0.5 to 2.5 A g−1. After 10,000 cycles, it shows high-rate capability (~ 82%) and 95% Coulombic efficiency, inferring its promising stability. The relaxation time implies that the energy stored in the cell can release in 0.35 s, ensuring superior rate performance of NiTiO3 nanosphere-based supercapacitor. The nanostructures as well as the synergistic effect of redox-rich Ni2+(d8) and Ti4+(d0) constituents pivotally govern the high-rate capacitive performance.
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Acknowledgements
D. Nandi sincerely acknowledges KMUTNB, Bangkok 10800 (Contract No. KMUTNB-Post-65-02) for financial support and Jyotishkumar Parameswaranpillai for materials study.
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DN was involved in writing—original draft, methodology, conceptualization. HP helped in investigation, validation. SR contributed to methodology, validation. AJ was involved in investigation, software. NK helped in formal analysis, software. SS contributed to conceptualization, formal analysis, resources.
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Nandi, D., Pulikkalparambil, H., Radoor, S. et al. Solvothermal synthesis of nickel titanate nanosphere: crystal structure determination and high-rate supercapacitor performance. Chem. Pap. 77, 385–397 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-022-02451-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-022-02451-2