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Improvement and Flexible Multiparty Extension of Semi-Quantum Key Agreement Protocol

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Abstract

Zhou et al. (Int. J. Theor. Phys. 59, 663-676 2020) introduced a three-party semi-quantum key agreement protocol utilizing four-qubit cluster states. However, we found it has security vulnerabilities, quantum resource wastage, and limitations on the number of participants. To address these concerns, we propose an improved protocol using GHZ-like states, which can resist double C-Not attack and conserve quantum resources. Additionally, we extend the improved scheme to multiparty key agreement in circle-type, which offers high efficiency and is well-suited for flexible dynamic networks.

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All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the submitted article.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (2021JJ30454), Scientific research Project of Education Department of Hunan Province (22A0049, 22B0699).

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  1. College of Information Science and Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Lushan Road, 410081, Changsha, Hunan, China

    Xuejiao Xu & Xiaoping Lou

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  1. Xuejiao Xu
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  2. Xiaoping Lou
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Correspondence to Xiaoping Lou.

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Xu, X., Lou, X. Improvement and Flexible Multiparty Extension of Semi-Quantum Key Agreement Protocol. Int J Theor Phys 62, 252 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10773-023-05504-8

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