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Comparative transcriptomics reveals key genes contributing to the differences in drought tolerance among three cultivars of foxtail millet (Setaria italica)

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Abstract

Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is an important food crop with strong drought stress tolerance. The response of foxtail millet to drought stress is a complex regulatory network. It is of great guiding significance for agricultural production to continuously explore candidate genes of foxtail millet drought resistance and reveal the molecular regulatory mechanism and metabolic pathway of foxtail millet drought tolerance. This study investigated three different cultivars of foxtail millet with different drought resistance. Drought stress reduced the water and chlorophyll content, and increased the Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and soluble protein of foxtail millet leaves. From strong to weak, the drought resistance order was Jigu39, Jingu21, and Longgu16. The transcriptome analysis of these three cultivars was carried out. 2954, 1531, and 2344 deferentially expressed genes under drought stress were identified in Jigu39, Jingu21, and Longgu16. The GO and KEGG pathway analysis identified DEGs significantly enriched in photosynthesis, chlorophyll metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism in all three cultivars. In addition, we identified 46 genes whose trends of transcription change were consistent with the drought resistance trends among three cultivars of foxtail millet. Among them, 32 genes were first identified related to drought response in foxtail millet, which was worth further research.

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Data availability

All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article and its supplementary information files. The raw sequence data reported in this paper have been deposited in the Genome Sequence Archive (Chen et al. 2021) in National Genomics Data Center (Members and Partners 2022), China National Center for Bioinformation/Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (PRJCA009384; CRA006802) that are publicly accessible at https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gsa/.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all the colleagues in our laboratory for providing useful discussions and technical assistance.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32000210), Research Project Supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China (No. 2021-015), the open funding of State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University (No. YJHZKF2108), and National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2020YFD1001401) to BZ. The Innovative projects for graduate education in Shanxi province (No. 2021Y131) to HW. The Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi (No. 2019L0104), National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 32101384), and Science Foundation for Youths of Shanxi Province (No. 20210302124150) to PY. The funding bodies played no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China

    Yue Guo, Dongdong Hao, Xiaoxia Wang, Hui Wang, Zehao Wu, Pu Yang & Ben Zhang

  2. Shanxi Institute of Brewing Technology and Industry (Preparation), Xinghuacun College of Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, Shanxi, China

    Pu Yang

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  1. Yue Guo
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Contributions

Experiments were designed by BZ, YG, and PY. Experiments were performed by YG, DDH, HW, and XXW. BZ and YG, HW, and PY analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ben Zhang.

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Guo, Y., Hao, D., Wang, X. et al. Comparative transcriptomics reveals key genes contributing to the differences in drought tolerance among three cultivars of foxtail millet (Setaria italica). Plant Growth Regul 99, 45–64 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-022-00875-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-022-00875-0

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