Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a vital trace element, essential for growth and other biological functions in fish. Its significance lies in its role as a fundamental component of selenoproteins, which are crucial for optimal functioning of the organism. The inclusion of Se in the diets of farmed animals, including fish, has proved invaluable in mitigating the challenges arising from elemental deficiencies experienced in captivity conditions due to limitations in the content of fishmeal. Supplementing diets with Se enhances physiological responses, particularly mitigates the effects of the continuous presence of environmental stress factors. Organic Se has been shown to have higher absorption rates and a greater impact on bioavailability and overall health than inorganic forms. A characteristic feature of yeasts is their rapid proliferation and growth, marked by efficient mineral assimilation. Most of the selenized yeasts currently available in the market, and used predominantly in animal production and aquaculture, are based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which contains selenomethionine (Se-Met). The object of this review is to highlight the importance of selenized yeasts. In addition, it presents metabolic and productive aspects of other yeast genera that are important potential sources of organic selenium. Some yeast strains discussed produce metabolites of interest such as lipids, pigments, and amino acids, which could have applications in aquaculture and further enrich their usefulness.
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data related to this study are included in the manuscript.
References
Agboola JO, Schiavone M, Øverland M, Lange B, Lagos L, Arntzen M, Lapeña D, Eijsink E, Horn S, Mydland L, François J, Mercado L, Hansen J (2021) Impact of down-stream processing on functional properties of yeasts and the implications on gut health of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Sci Rep 11(1):4496. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83764-2
Aksu Z, Tuǧba Eren A (2005) Carotenoids production by the yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa: use of agricultural wastes as a carbon source. Process Biochem 40:2985–2991. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PROCBIO.2005.01.011
Álvarez-Fernández García R, Corte-Rodríguez M, Macke M, LeBlanc K, Mester Z, Montes-Bayón M, Bettmer J (2020) Addressing the presence of biogenic selenium nanoparticles in yeast cells: analytical strategies based on ICP-TQ-MS. Analyst 145:1457–1465. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9AN01565E
Ansari MGA, Sabico S, Clerici M, Khattak M, Wani K, Al-Musharaf S, Amer O, Alokail M, Al-Daghri M (2020) Vitamin D supplementation is associated with increased glutathione peroxidase-1 levels in Arab adults with prediabetes. Antioxidants 9:118–119. https://doi.org/10.3390/ANTIOX9020118
Arteel GE, Sies H (2001) The biochemistry of selenium and the glutathione system. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 10:153–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1382-6689(01)00078-3
Arthur JR, McKenzie RC, Beckett GJ (2003) Selenium in the immune system. J Nutr 133. https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/133.5.1457S
Baltić M, Dokmanović Starčevic M, Bašić M, Zenunović A, Ivanović J, Marković J, Janjić J, Mahmutović H (2015) Effects of selenium yeast level in diet on carcass and meat quality, tissue selenium distribution and glutathione peroxidase activity in ducks. Anim Feed Sci Technol 210:225–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ANIFEEDSCI.2015.10.009
Bánszky L, Simonics T, Maráz A (2003) Sulphate metabolism of selenate-resistant Schizosaccharomyces pombe mutants. J Gen Appl Microbiol 49:271–278. https://doi.org/10.2323/JGAM.49.271
Behne D, Kyriakopoulos A (2001) Mammalian selenium-containing proteins. Annu Rev Nutr 21:453–473. https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV.NUTR.21.1.453
Bell JG, Cowey CB (1989) Digestibility and bioavailability of dietary selenium from fishmeal, selenite, selenomethionine and selenocystine in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture 81:61–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(89)90230-5
Bell JG, Cowey CB, Adron JW, Shanks AM (1985) Some effects of vitamin E and selenium deprivation on tissue enzyme levels and indices of tissue peroxidation in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Br J Nutr 53:149–157. https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19850019
Bell M, Henderson R, Sargent J (1986) The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish. Comp Biochem Physiol B: Comp Biochem 83:711–719. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-0491(86)90135-5
Berggren M, Laudon H, Haei M, Ström L, Jansson M (2009) Efficient aquatic bacterial metabolism of dissolved low-molecular-weight compounds from terrestrial sources. ISME J 4(3):408–416. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2009.120
Bierła K, Suzuki N, Ogra Y, Szpunar J, Łobiński R (2017) Identification and determination of selenohomolanthionine - the major selenium compound in Torula yeast. Food Chem 237:1196–1201. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2017.06.042
Bierla K, Szpunar J, Yiannikouris A, Lobinski R (2012) Comprehensive speciation of selenium in selenium-rich yeast. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 41:122–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2012.08.006
Boran H, Terzi E, Altinok I, Capkin E, Bascinar N (2013) Bacterial diseases of cultured Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) in sea cages. Aquac 396–399:8–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AQUACULTURE.2013.02.025
Breierová E, Gregor T, Marova I, Čertík M, Kogan G (2008) Enhanced antioxidant formula based on a selenium-supplemented carotenoid-producing yeast biomass. Chem Biodivers 5:440–446. https://doi.org/10.1002/CBDV.200890043
Briens M, Mercier Y, Rouffineau F, Vacchina V, Geraert P (2013) Comparative study of a new organic selenium source v. seleno-yeast and mineral selenium sources on muscle selenium enrichment and selenium digestibility in broiler chickens. Br J Nutr 110:617–624. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114512005545
Brigelius-Flohé R, Flohé L (2020) Regulatory phenomena in the glutathione peroxidase superfamily. Antioxid Redox Signal 33:498–516. https://doi.org/10.1089/ARS.2019.7905
Bronzetti G, Cini M, Andreoli E, Caltavuturo L, Panuncio M, Della Croce C (2001) Protective effects of vitamins and selenium compounds in yeast. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 496:105–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00213-3
Bzducha-Wróbel A, Kieliszek M, Błażejak S (2013) Chemical composition of the cell wall of probiotic and brewer’s yeast in response to cultivation medium with glycerol as a carbon source. Eur Food Res Technol 237:489–499. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00217-013-2016-8
Calomme MR, Van den Branden K, Vanden Berghe DA (1995) Selenium and Lactobacillus species. J Appl Bacteriol 79:331–340. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2672.1995.TB03145.X
Casal SG, Far J, Bierla K, Ouerdane L, Szpunar J (2010) Study of the Se-containing metabolomes in Se-rich yeast by size-exclusion—cation-exchange HPLC with the parallel ICP MS and electrospray orbital ion trap detection. Metallomics 2:535–548. https://doi.org/10.1039/C0MT00002G
Čertík M, Breierová E, Oláhová M, Šajbidor J, Márová I (2013) Effect of selenium on lipid alternations in pigment-forming yeasts. Food Sci Biotechnol 22:45–51. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10068-013-0047-3
Chen F, Wang L, Zhang D, Li S, Zhang X (2022) Effect of an established nutritional level of selenium on energy metabolism and gene expression in the liver of rainbow trout. Biol Trace Elem Res 200:3829–3840. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-021-02953-2
Cheng R, Zhang J, He Y, Liao C, Wang L, Zhang X (2022) Parental exposure to waterborne selenite induces transgenerational development toxicity in zebrafish offspring. Chemosphere 303:134838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134838
Choe E, Min DB (2007) Chemistry and reactions of reactive oxygen species in foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 46:1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408390500455474
Combs GF, Combs SB (1986) The role of selenium in nutrition. Academic Press
Cotter PA, McLean E, Craig SR (2008) Designing fish for improved human health status. Nutrition and health 20(1):1–9
Del Campo JA, García-González M, Guerrero MG (2007) Outdoor cultivation of microalgae for carotenoid production: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 74:1163–1174. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00253-007-0844-9
Demirci A, Pometto AL (2000) Enhanced organically bound chromium yeast production. J Agric Food Chem 48(2):531–536. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf990771q
Domínguez D, Sehnine Z, Castro P, Robaina L, Fontanillas R, Prabhu PAJ, Izquierdo M (2020) Optimum selenium levels in diets high in plant‐based feedstuffs for gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) fingerlings. Aquac Nutr 26(2):579–589. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.13019
Du LC, Yu HR, Li LY, Zhang Q, Tian Q, Liu JQ, Shan LL (2021) Dietary selenium requirement of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch W.) alevins. Aquac Int 29:2291–2304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-021-00749-8
Fan Y, Liu Y, Jia P, Wei R, Xie D, Zhang J, Zhang G (2022) A novel preparation for siderophore‐assisted copper and zinc enrichment in yeast. J Food Process Preserv 46(9):e16131. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfpp.16131
Felton LA, McGinity JW (1997) Influence of plasticizers on the adhesive properties of an acrylic resin copolymer to hydrophilic and hydrophobic tablet compacts. Int J Pharm 154:167–178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-5173(97)00133-6
Ferreira IMPLVO, Pinho O, Vieira E, Tavarela JG (2010) Brewer’s Saccharomyces yeast biomass: characteristics and potential applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 21:77–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TIFS.2009.10.008
Fonseca SBD, Silva JHVD, Beltrão Filho EM, Mendes PDP, Fernandes JBK, Amancio ALL (2013) Influence of levels and forms of selenium associated with levels of vitamins C and E on the performance, yield and composition of tilapia fillet. Food Science and Technology 33:109–115
Gatlin DM, Wilson RP (1984) Dietary selenium requirement of fingerling channel catfish. J Nutr 114:627–633. https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/114.3.627
Gatlin DM, Poe WE, Wilson RP (1986) Effects of singular and combined dietary deficiencies of selenium and vitamin E on fingerling channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). J Nutr 116:1061–1067. https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/116.6.1061
Gharekhani A, Takami A, Tukmechi A, Afsharnasab M, Agh N (2015) Effect of dietary supplementation with zinc enriched yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on immunity of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Iran J Vet Res 16(3):278
Gong A, Liu W, Lin Y, et al (2023) Adaptive laboratory evolution reveals the selenium efflux process to improve selenium tolerance mediated by the membrane sulfite pump in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbiol Spectr 11. https://doi.org/10.1128/SPECTRUM.01326-23
Hilton JW, Hodson PV, Slinger SJ (1980) The requirement and toxicity of selenium in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). J Nutr 110:2527–2535. https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/110.12.2527
Hofstee P, Cuffe JSM, Perkins AV (2020) Analysis of selenoprotein expression in response to dietary selenium deficiency during pregnancy indicates tissue specific differential expression in mothers and sex specific changes in the fetus and offspring. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21:2210. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS21062210
Hunt O, Berkoz M, Ozkan F, Yalin S, Ercen Z, Erdogan E, Gunduz G (2011) Effects of organic selenium on growth, muscle composition, and antioxidant system in rainbow trout. Israeli Journal of Aquaculture-Bamidgeh 63(562):10
Hyrslova I, Kana A, Kantorova V et al (2022) Selenium accumulation and biotransformation in Streptococcus, Lactococcus, and Enterococcus strains. J Funct Foods 92:105056. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JFF.2022.105056
Ingold I, Conrad M (2018) Oxidative stress, selenium redox systems including gpx/txnrd families. Mol Integrative Toxicol 111–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95390-8_6
Jaramillo F, Peng L, Gatlin DM (2009) Selenium nutrition of hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops × M. saxatilis) bioavailability, toxicity and interaction with vitamin E. Aquac Nutr 15:160–165. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2095.2008.00579.X
Jeong WS, Kong HR, Kim SY, Yeo SH (2023) Exploring the health benefits of yeast isolated from traditional fermented foods in Korea: anti-inflammatory and functional properties of Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces strains. Microorganisms 11:1503. https://doi.org/10.3390/MICROORGANISMS11061503
Jingyuan H, Yan L, Wenjing P, Wenqiang J, Bo L, Linghong M, Xianping G (2020) Dietary selenium enhances the growth and anti-oxidant capacity of juvenile blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Fish Shellfish Immunol 101:115–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.041
Jlali M, Briens M, Rouffineau F et al (2013) Effect of 2-hydroxy-4-methylselenobutanoic acid as a dietary selenium supplement to improve the selenium concentration of table eggs. J Anim Sci 91:1745–1752. https://doi.org/10.2527/JAS.2012-5825
Khalil HS, Mansour AT, Goda AMA, Omar EA (2019) Effect of selenium yeast supplementation on growth performance, feed utilization, lipid profile, liver and intestine histological changes, and economic benefit in meagre, Argyrosomus regius, fingerlings. Aquaculture 501:135–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AQUACULTURE.2018.11.018
Khan KU, Zuberi A, Fernandes JBK, Ullah I, Sarwar H (2017) An overview of the ongoing insights in selenium research and its role in fish nutrition and fish health. Fish Physiol Biochem 43:1689–1705. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-017-0402-z
Kieliszek M, Błazejak S (2013) Selenium: significance, and outlook for supplementation. Nutrition 29:713–718. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.NUT.2012.11.012
Kieliszek M, Błażejak S, Gientka I, Bzducha-Wróbel A (2015) Accumulation and metabolism of selenium by yeast cells. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 99:5373–5382. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00253-015-6650-X
Kieliszek M, Błazejak S, Płaczek M (2016) Spectrophotometric evaluation of selenium binding by Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC MYA-2200 and Candida utilis ATCC 9950 yeast. J Trace Elem Med Biol 35:90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTEMB.2016.01.014
Kieliszek M, Błazejak S, Kurek E (2017) Binding and conversion of selenium in Candida utilis ATCC 9950 yeasts in bioreactor culture. Molecules 22:352. https://doi.org/10.3390/MOLECULES22030352
Kieliszek M, Błażejak S, Bzducha-Wróbel A, Kot AM (2019) Effect of selenium on growth and antioxidative system of yeast cells. Mol Biol Rep 46:1797–1808. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11033-019-04630-Z
Kieliszek M, Bierla K, Jiménez-Lamana J et al (2020) Metabolic response of the yeast Candida utilis during enrichment in selenium. Int J Mol Sci 21:1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS21155287
Kieliszek M, Błażejak S, Piwowarek K, Brzezicka K (2018) Equilibrium modeling of selenium binding from aqueous solutions by Candida utilis ATCC 9950 yeasts. 3 Biotech 8. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13205-018-1415-8
Kieliszek M, Sandoval SNS (2023) The importance of selenium in food enrichment processes. A comprehensive review. J Trace Elem Med Biol 127260
Kitajima T, Chiba Y (2013) Selenomethionine metabolism and its toxicity in yeast. Biomol Concepts 4:611–616. https://doi.org/10.1515/BMC-2013-0033
Klis FM, Boorsma A, De Groot PWJ (2006) Cell wall construction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 23:185–202. https://doi.org/10.1002/YEA.1349
Kousha M, Yeganeh S, Keramat Amirkolaie A (2017) Effect of sodium selenite on the bacteria growth, selenium accumulation, and selenium biotransformation in Pediococcus acidilactici. Food Sci Biotechnol 26:1013–1018. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10068-017-0142-Y
Krausova G, Kana A, Hyrslova I et al (2020) Development of selenized lactic acid bacteria and their selenium bioaccummulation capacity. Fermentation 6:91. https://doi.org/10.3390/FERMENTATION6030091
Küçükbay FZ, Yazlak H, Karaca I et al (2009) The effects of dietary organic or inorganic selenium in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) under crowding conditions. Aquac Nutr 15:569–576. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2095.2008.00624.X
Kulandaisamy VC, Lakshmanaperumalsamy P (2009) An insightful overview on microbial pigment, prodigiosin. Electronic J Biol 5:49–61
Kuršvietienė L, Mongirdienė A, Bernatonienė J et al (2020) Selenium anticancer properties and impact on cellular redox status. Antioxidants 9:80 https://doi.org/10.3390/ANTIOX9010080
Lahav R, Fareleira P, Nejidat A, Abeliovich A (2002) The identification and characterization of osmotolerant yeast isolates from chemical wastewater evaporation ponds. Microb Ecol 43:388–396. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00248-002-2001-4
Le T, Fotedar, R (2014) Bioavailability of selenium from different dietary sources in yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi). Aquaculture 420:57–62
LeBlanc KL, Mester Z (2021) Compilation of selenium metabolite data in selenized yeasts. Metallomics 13. https://doi.org/10.1093/MTOMCS/MFAB031
Levin HL, Moran JV (2011) Dynamic interactions between transposable elements and their hosts. Nat Rev Genet 12:615–627. https://doi.org/10.1038/NRG3030
Li P, Li K, Zou C, Tong C, Sun L, Cao Z, Yang S, Lyu Q (2020) Selenium yeast alleviates ochratoxin a-induced hepatotoxicity via modulation of the PI3K/AKT and Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathways in chickens. Toxins 12:143 https://doi.org/10.3390/TOXINS12030143
Lin YH, Shiau SY (2007) The effects of dietary selenium on the oxidative stress of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus, fed high copper. Aquac 267:38–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AQUACULTURE.2006.12.015
Lin YH, Shiau SY (2009) Mutual sparing of dietary requirements for alpha-tocopherol and selenium in grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus. Aquac 294:242–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AQUACULTURE.2009.06.002
Lin YH, Wang H, Shiau SY (2009) Dietary nucleotide supplementation enhances growth and immune responses of grouper, Epinephelus malabaricus. Aquac Nutr 15:117–122. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2095.2007.00561.X
Long M, Lin W, Hou J, Guo H, Li L, Li D, Tang R, Yang F (2017) Dietary supplementation with selenium yeast and tea polyphenols improve growth performance and nitrite tolerance of Wuchang bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Fish Shellfish Immunol 68:74–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FSI.2017.07.017
Losi ME, Frankenberger WT (1997) Reduction of selenium oxyanions by Enterobacter cloacae SLD1a-1: isolation and growth of the bacterium and its expulsion of selenium particles. Appl Environ Microbiol 63:3079. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.63.8.3079-3084.1997
Ma P, Hu Z, Li L, Li D, Tang R (2021) Dietary selenium promotes the growth performance through growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor and hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axes in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish Physiol. Biochem 47:1313–1327. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-021-00974-1
Malandrakis EE, Exadactylos A, Dadali O, Golomazou E, Klaoudatos S, Panagiotaki P (2014) Molecular cloning of four glutathione peroxidase (GPx) homologs and expression analysis during stress exposure of the marine teleost Sparus aurata. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 168:53–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CBPB.2013.11.005
Maldonade IR, Scamparini ARP, Rodriguez-Amaya DB (2007) Selection and characterization of carotenoid-producing yeasts from Campinas region, Brazil. Braz J Microbiol 38:65–70. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822007000100014
Maldonade IR, Rodriguez-Amaya DB, Scamparini ARP (2008) Carotenoids of yeasts isolated from the Brazilian ecosystem. Food Chem 107:145–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FOODCHEM.2007.07.075
Maldonade IR, Rodriguez-Amaya DB, Scamparini ARP (2012) Statistical optimisation of cell growth and carotenoid production by Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Braz J Microbiol 43:109. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-838220120001000012
Mapelli V, Hillestrøm PR, Kápolna E et al (2011) Metabolic and bioprocess engineering for production of selenized yeast with increased content of seleno-methylselenocysteine. Metab Eng 13:282–293. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.YMBEN.2011.03.001
Mapelli V, Hillestrøm PR, Patil K et al (2012) The interplay between sulphur and selenium metabolism influences the intracellular redox balance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEMS Yeast Res 12:20–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1567-1364.2011.00757.X
Marinescu G, Gabriela Stoicescu A, Teodorof L (2010) Industrial nutrient medium use for yeast selenium preparation. Ann Univ Dunarea Jos Galati Fascicle VI: Food Technol 35:45–53
Martínez FG, Moreno-Martin G, Pescuma M et al (2020) Biotransformation of selenium by lactic acid bacteria: formation of seleno-nanoparticles and seleno-amino acids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 8:506. https://doi.org/10.3389/FBIOE.2020.00506
Martiniano SE, Philippini RR, Franco-Marcelino PR, da Silva SS (2022) Effect of selenium uptake on growth metabolism in yeasts for the production of enriched single-cell protein using agro-industrial by-products. Biomass Convers Biorefin 12:3975–3983. https://doi.org/10.1007/S13399-020-00885-W
Mechlaoui M, Dominguez D, Robaina L (2019) Effects of different dietary selenium sources on growth performance, liver and muscle composition, antioxidant status, stress response and expression of related genes in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Aquac 507:251–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AQUACULTURE.2019.04.037
Miller AH, Maletic V, Raison CL (2009) Inflammation and its discontents: the role of cytokines in the pathophysiology of major depression. Biol Psychiatry 65:732. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIOPSYCH.2008.11.029
Morales Estrada A, González Olivares LG, Contreras López E, Rodríguez Serrano G (2020) SelA and SelD genes involved in selenium absorption metabolism in lactic acid bacteria isolated from Mexican cheeses. Int Dairy J 103:104629. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IDAIRYJ.2019.104629
Mushtaq M, Fatima M, Shah SZH, Khan N, Naveed S, Khan M (2022) Effects of sodium selenite, selenium methionine, and selenium yeast on growth performance, carcass composition, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant status of intensively reared Hypophthalmichthys molitrix. Aquac Rep 24:101182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101182
Nematzadeh K, Ahmadifard N, Samadi N, Agh N, Ghaderpoor S (2020) Zinc-threonine yeast enriched improved the growth and mineral composition of salt water rotifer, Brachionus plicatilis. Iran J Fish Sci 19(4):1840–1849. https://doi.org/10.22092/ijfs.2018.119688
Ning L, Tan Y, Wang W, Wu S, Chen F, Zhang H, Pan Q (2020) Optimum selenium requirement of juvenile Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Aquac Nutr 26(2):528–535. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.13014
Ning Y, Wu X, Zhou X, Ding J, Chang Y, Yang Z, Zuo R (2021) An evaluation on the selenium yeast supplementation in the practical diets of early juvenile sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus): Growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, immune and antioxidant capacity, and body composition. Aquac Nutr 27(6):2142–2153. https://doi.org/10.1111/anu.13350
Ogra Y, Shimizu M, Takahashi K, Anan Y (2018) Biotransformation of organic selenium compounds in budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Metallomics 10(9):1257–1263. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8mt00176f
Pacitti D, Lawan MM, Sweetman J, et al (2015) Selenium supplementation in fish: a combined chemical and biomolecular study to understand Sel-Plex assimilation and impact on selenoproteome expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). PLoS One 10. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0127041
Pankiewicz U, Jamroz J, Schodziński A (2006) Optimization of selenium accumulation in Rhodotorula rubra cells by treatment of culturing medium with pulse electric field. Int Agrophys 20:147–152
Payne RL, Southern LL (2005) Changes in glutathione peroxidase and tissue selenium concentrations of broilers after consuming a diet adequate in selenium. Poult Sci 84:1268–1276. https://doi.org/10.1093/PS/84.8.1268
Perrier V, Dubreucq E, Galzy P (1995) Fatty acid and carotenoid composition of Rhodotorula strains. Arch Microbiol 164:173–179. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02529968
Persson-Moschos MEK, Stavenow L, Åkesson B, Lindgärde F (2000) Selenoprotein P in plasma in relation to cancer morbidity in middle-aged Swedish men. Nutr Cancer 36:19–26. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327914NC3601_4
Pieniz S, Andreazza R, Mann MB et al (2017) Bioaccumulation and distribution of selenium in Enterococcus durans. J Trace Elem Med Biol 40:37–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTEMB.2016.12.003
Polburee P, Yongmanitchai W, Lertwattanasakul N et al (2015) Characterization of oleaginous yeasts accumulating high levels of lipid when cultivated in glycerol and their potential for lipid production from biodiesel-derived crude glycerol. Fungal Biol 119:1194–1204. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FUNBIO.2015.09.002
Ponce de León CA, Bayón MM, Paquin C, Caruso JA (2002) Selenium incorporation into Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells: a study of different incorporation methods. J Appl Microbiol 92:602–610. https://doi.org/10.1046/J.1365-2672.2002.01562.X
Poston HA, Combs GF, Leibovitz L (1976) Vitamin E and selenium interrelations in the diet of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): gross, histological and biochemical deficiency signs. J Nutr 106:892–904. https://doi.org/10.1093/JN/106.7.892
Prabhu A, Schrama P, Kaushik J (2016) Mineral requirements of fish: a systematic review. Rev Aquac 8(2):172–219. https://doi.org/10.1111/raq.12090
Ramadan AA, Ghoniem AA, Hassan HM, Youssef AE (2001) Effects of beta-carotene, selenium and vitamin A on in vitro polymorphonuclear leukocytic activity in peripartal buffalo (Bubalus bubalus). Theriogenology 55:693–704. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0093-691X(01)00437-X
Rayman MP (2000) The importance of selenium to human health. Lancet 356:233–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02490-9
Rayman MP (2020) Selenium intake, status, and health: a complex relationship. Hormones 19:9–14. https://doi.org/10.1007/S42000-019-00125-5
Rider SA, Davies SJ, Jha AN et al (2009) Supra-nutritional dietary intake of selenite and selenium yeast in normal and stressed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): implications on selenium status and health responses. Aquac 295:282–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AQUACULTURE.2009.07.003
Romano N, Zeng C (2009) Subchronic exposure to nitrite, potassium and their combination on survival, growth, total haemocyte count and gill structure of juvenile blue swimmer crabs, Portunus pelagicus. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 72:1287–1295. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ECOENV.2009.02.003
Rosen BP, Liu Z (2009) Transport pathways for arsenic and selenium: a minireview. Environ Int 35:512–515. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVINT.2008.07.023
Ruocco MHW, Chan CS, Hanson TE, Church TM (2014) Characterization and distribution of selenite reduction products in cultures of the marine yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa-13B. 31:769–778. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490451.2014.888909
Sabatier M, Egli I, Hurrell R, Hoppler M, Gysler C, Georgeon S, Schaffer-Lequart C (2017) Iron bioavailability from fresh cheese fortified with iron-enriched yeast. Eur J Nutr 56:1551–1560. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1200-6
Saleh R, Betancor M, Roo J, Montero D, Zamorano J, Izquierdo M (2014) Selenium levels in early weaning diets for gilthead seabream larvae. Aquaculture 426:256–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.02.011
Saluk-Juszczak J, Królewska K, Wachowicz B (2010) Response of blood platelets to β-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Platelets 21:37–43. https://doi.org/10.3109/09537100903359306
Sánchez Martínez MJ (2014) Biotransformación de selenio en procesos de fermentación y desarrollo de alimentos enriquecidos en selenio: estudios de biodisponibilidad con ensayos en vivo. Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Schrauzer GN (2006) Selenium yeast: composition, quality, analysis, and safety. Pure Appl Chem 78:105–109. https://doi.org/10.1351/PAC200678010105
Schwarz K, Foltz CM (1957) Selenium as an integral part of factor 3 against dietary necrotic liver degeneration. J Am Chem Soc 79:3292–3293. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-4887.1978.tb03701.x
Schwitzer C, Glatt L, Nekaris KAI, Ganzhorn JU (2011) Responses of animals to habitat alteration: an overview focussing on primates. Endanger Species Res 14:31–38. https://doi.org/10.3354/ESR00334
Sele V, Ørnsrud R, Sloth JJ et al (2018) Selenium and selenium species in feeds and muscle tissue of Atlantic salmon. J Trace Elem Med Biol 47:124–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JTEMB.2018.02.005
Selvaraj V, Tomblin J, Armistead MY, Murray E (2013) Selenium (sodium selenite) causes cytotoxicity and apoptotic mediated cell death in PLHC-1 fish cell line through DNA and mitochondrial membrane potential damage. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 87:80–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.09.028
Shan Q, Ma T, Jin H, Gao D, Li Y, Sun P (2020) Chromium yeast alleviates heat stress by improving antioxidant and immune function in Holstein mid-lactation dairy cows. Anim Feed Sci Technol 269:114635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114635
Shi L, Ren Y, Zhang C et al (2018) Effects of organic selenium (Se-enriched yeast) supplementation in gestation diet on antioxidant status, hormone profile and haemato-biochemical parameters in Taihang Black Goats. Anim Feed Sci Technol 238:57–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ANIFEEDSCI.2018.02.004
Skalny A V., Skalnaya MG, Nikonorov AA, Tinkov AA (2016) Selenium antagonism with mercury and arsenic: from chemistry to population health and demography. Selenium: Its Molecular Biology and Role in Human Health, Fourth Edition 401–412. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41283-2_34
Steinbrenner H, Speckmann B, Klotz LO (2016) Selenoproteins: antioxidant selenoenzymes and beyond. Arch Biochem Biophys 595:113–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ABB.2015.06.024
Sun J, Xu S, Du Y, Yu K, Jiang Y, Weng H, Yuan W (2022a) Accumulation and enrichment of trace elements by yeast cells and their applications: A critical review. Microorganisms 10(9):1746. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10091746
Sun Y, Wang H, Zhou L et al (2022b) Distribution characteristics of organic selenium in Se-enriched Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus paracasei). LWT 165:113699. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LWT.2022.113699
Surai PF, Fisinin VI, Karadas F (2016) Antioxidant systems in chick embryo development Part 1 Vitamin E, carotenoids and selenium. Anim Nutr 2:1. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ANINU.2016.01.001
Thorarinsson R, Landolt ML, Elliott DG et al (1994) Effect of dietary vitamin E and selenium on growth, survival and the prevalence of Renibacterium salmoninarum infection in chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Aquac 121:343–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(94)90269-0
Wang L, Sagada G, Wang R, Li P, Xu B, Zhang C, Qiao J, Yan Y (2022) Different forms of selenium supplementation in fish feed: The bioavailability, nutritional functions, and potential toxicity. Aquaculture 549:737819. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.737819
Wang T, Lou X, Zhang G, Dang Y (2019a) Improvement of selenium enrichment in Rhodotorula glutinis X-20 through combining process optimization and selenium transport. Bioengineered 10:335–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/21655979.2019.1644853
Wang X, Shen Z, Wang C et al (2019b) Dietary supplementation of selenium yeast enhances the antioxidant capacity and immune response of juvenile Eriocheir Sinensis under nitrite stress. Fish Shellfish Immunol 87:22–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FSI.2018.12.076
Wang Y, Han J, Li W, Xu Z (2007) Effect of different selenium source on growth performances, glutathione peroxidase activities, muscle composition and selenium concentration of allogynogenetic crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Anim Feed Sci Technol 134(3-4):243–251
Wangkahart E, Bruneel B, Chantiratikul A, de Jong M, Pakdeenarong N, Subramani PA (2022) Optimum dietary sources and levels of selenium improve growth, antioxidant status, and disease resistance: re-evaluation in a farmed fish species, Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish Shellfish Immunol 121:172–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.003
Wise D.J., Tomasso J.R., Gatlin III D. M., et al (1993) Effects of dietary selenium and vitamin E on red blood cell peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase activity, and macrophage superoxide anion production in channel catfish. J Aquat Anim Health 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1577/1548-8667(1993)005<0177:EODSAV>2.3.CO;2
Wood SM, Beckham C, Yosioka A et al (2000) β-Carotene and selenium supplementation enhances immune response in aged humans. Integrative Medicine 2:85–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1096-2190(00)00009-3
Wu Y, Fang H, Ma H, Wang X (2023) Supplementation of Selenium-yeast enhances fishmeal replacement by soy protein concentrate in diets for golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). Aquaculture Research 2023. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/8953076
Würmli R, Wolffram S, Stingelin Y, Scharrer E (1989) Stimulation of mucosal uptake of selenium from selenite by l-cysteine in sheep small intestine. Biol Trace Elem Res 20:75–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02919100
Yang L, Sturgeon RE, McSheehy S, Mester Z (2004) Comparison of extraction methods for quantitation of methionine and selenomethionine in yeast by species specific isotope dilution gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 1055:177–184. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CHROMA.2004.09.018
Yant LJ, Ran Q, Rao L et al (2003) The selenoprotein GPX4 is essential for mouse development and protects from radiation and oxidative damage insults. Free Radic Biol Med 34:496–502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(02)01360-6
Xu Z, Hu J, Zhang Y, Bai L (2023) Evaluation of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoide) fed selenium yeast diets: Growth, histopathology, antioxidant ability, and apoptosis. Aquac Rep 29:101505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aqrep.2023.101505
Yuan XY, Jiang GZ, Wang CC et al (2019) Effects of partial replacement of fish meal by yeast hydrolysate on antioxidant capability, intestinal morphology, and inflammation-related gene expression of juvenile Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Fish Physiol Biochem 45:187–197. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10695-018-0552-7
Zhang GC, Wang DH, Wang DH, Wei GY (2017) The mechanism of improved intracellular organic selenium and glutathione contents in selenium-enriched Candida utilis by acid stress. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 101:2131–2141. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00253-016-8016-4
Zhou X, Wang Y, Gu Q, & Li W (2009) Effects of different dietary selenium sources (selenium nanoparticle and selenomethionine) on growth performance, muscle composition and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity of crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). Aquaculture 291(1-2):78-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.03.007
Funding
This research was financially supported by the Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo ANID/Fondecyt postdoctoral project 3210499.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Conceptualization by P. D. N. and P. D.; validation by P. D. N. and A. S. A.; formal analysis by P. D. N., A. S. A., D. C. G., P. D., D. H., and R.S.; writing—original draft preparation by P. D. N., A. S. A., D. C. G., P. D., and D. H.; writing—review and editing, P. D. N., A. S. A., and D. C. G.; visualization, D. C. G. and D. H.; supervision by P. D. N. and A. S. A. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Ethical approval
Not applicable.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Díaz-Navarrete, P., Dantagnan, P., Henriquez, D. et al. Selenized non-Saccharomyces yeasts and their potential use in fish feed. Fish Physiol Biochem (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-024-01340-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-024-01340-7