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Identification of new resistance source for Sclerotinia stem rot in backcross population of B. juncea + S. alba allohexaploids: key to manage disease through host resistance

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Abstract

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, which causes Sclerotinia stem rot, poses a significant threat to the global production of mustard and rapeseed crops. Cultivated Brassica germplasm does not contain a source of resistance to S. sclerotiorum. Rapeseed and mustard have been utilized to introduce the S. sclerotiorum resistance, nevertheless, using wild Brassicaceae members. In the current work, we developed a backcross population from four stable somatic hybrids of Sinapis alba and B. juncea to identify fertile lines that are resistant to stem rot disease. Each backcross line had extremely high male and female fertility and had successfully backcrossed with a B. juncea parent. In two different locations, a collection of 411 lines, including somatic hybrids, BC1F2-3, and BC2F1-2 lines, as well as tolerant and susceptible checks, were tested using two different virulent strains of the pathogen. The study's findings demonstrated that somatic hybrids and the BC1F2-3 lines were resistant to stem rot, whereas the BC2F1-2 lines displayed varied expressions of resistance to the disease, ranging from immune to highly susceptible. While the B. carinata remained tolerant in our investigation, the susceptible parent and checks were rated as highly susceptible. In addition, the in-vitro cotyledon assay for stem rot demonstrated that hybrids and the BC1F4 generation consistently responded with a resistance response, however, the BC2F3 generation responded differently, as it would under actual field conditions. It was discovered that the stem cortex and pith thickness are significant factors connected to the resistance response. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to identify immune and highly resistant B. juncea backcross lines with an alien genome in such a large number that they could easily hybridize with other B. juncea germplasms and use in resistance breeding programs for the Sclerotinia stem rot disease.

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Acknowledgements

1. Preetesh Kumari: (File No. YSS/2015/001849), Science and Engineering Research Board, Ministry of Science & Technology, New Delhi, India for funding the research work; (File No. SR/WOS-A/LS-373/2018), Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, New Delhi, Govt. of India, India for fellowship; 2. Kaushal Pratap Singh, received Research Associateship (File No. 09/1247(0001)/2019-EMR-I) from HRDG-Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi.

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  1. ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, IARI, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Preetesh Kumari

  2. ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed Mustard Research, Sewar, Bharatpur, 321303, Rajasthan, India

    Kaushal Pratap Singh & Pramod Kumar Rai

Authors
  1. Preetesh Kumari
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  2. Kaushal Pratap Singh
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  3. Pramod Kumar Rai
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Contributions

PK: Funding acquisition for somatic hybrids and introgression lines development, genotyping, Editing, and finalized manuscript; KPS: Conceptualization, Methodology, in-vivo and in-vitro screening for Sclerotinia stem rot, data recording and analysis, Draft manuscript; PKR: Resources, Supervision, Manuscript editing, and finalization.

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Correspondence to Kaushal Pratap Singh.

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Kumari, P., Singh, K.P. & Rai, P.K. Identification of new resistance source for Sclerotinia stem rot in backcross population of B. juncea + S. alba allohexaploids: key to manage disease through host resistance. Euphytica 219, 76 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-023-03208-y

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