Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Part I : a priori study of erosion and deposition with large eddy simulation of turbulent flow over multiple 2D sandy Gaussian hills

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Environmental Fluid Mechanics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The micro-scale prediction of sand trapping or take-off over hilly terrains is a crucial issue in semi-arid regions for soil depletion. In this context, large eddy simulations around one or several hills are performed in order to provide statistical parameters to characterize the flow at micro-scales and provide data for mesoscale modelling. We focus on the determination of recirculation zones since they play an important role in solid particle erosion or entrapment. A new wall modeling adapted from Huang et al. (J Turbul 17:1–24, 2016) for rough boundary layers is found to improve the prediction of the recirculation zone length downstream of an isolated hill and is used for all the numerical cases presented here. A geometrical parameterization of the recirculation zones is proposed. When the recirculation region is assumed to have an ellipsoidal shape, the total surface of the recirculation can be obtained from this new parameterization and easily extrapolated to more general dune configurations. Numerical results are compared with experiments performed in our laboratory (Simoëns et al. in Procedia IUTAM 17:110–118, 2015) and good agreement is achieved. We explore general aerodynamic cases deduced from the urban canopy scheme of Oke (Energy Build 11:103–113, 1988). In this scheme the momentum and mass exchange between the upper layer and the space between hills is sorted according to the streamwise hill spacing within three basic cases of skimming, wake or isolated flow. The study of the recirculation zones, the mean velocity and Reynolds stress profiles around an isolated or two consecutive hills with different distances shows that the double hill configuration with 3H separation behaves as much as a whole to the upcoming flow. The vortex formed between the crests does not strongly affect the overall evolution of the outer flow. By an a priori prediction of the preferential zones of erosion and accumulation of fictive particles, it is shown that isolated dunes present more deposition and less erosion than two-hill configurations. The results presented in this study will be discussed in the presence of Lagrangian transport of sand particles above 2D Gaussian hills in future work.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Huang G, Simoëns S, Vinkovic I, Le Ribault C, Dupont S, Bergametti G (2016) Law-of-the-wall in a boundary-layer over regularly distributed roughness elements. J Turbul 17:1–24

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Simoëns S, Saleh S, Le Ribault C, Belmadi M, Zegadi R, Allag F, Vignon JM, Huang G (2015) Influence of Gaussian hill on concentration of solid particles in suspension inside Turbulent Boundary Layer. Procedia IUTAM 17:110–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Oke TR (1988) Street design and urban canopy layer climate. Energy Build 11:103–113

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Jackson PS, Hunt JCR (1975) Turbulent wind flow over a low hill. Q J R Meteorol Soc 101:929–955

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Gong W, Ibbetson A (1989) A wind tunnel study of turbulent flow over model hills. Boundary Layer Meteorol 49:113–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cao S, Tamura T (2006) Experimental study on roughness effects on turbulent boundary layer flow over a two-dimensional steep hill. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 94:1–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kocurek G, Ewing RC (2005) Aeolian dune field self-organization—implications for the formation of simple versus complex dune-field patterns. Geomorphology 72(1–4):94–105

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Cao S, Tamura T (2007) Effects of roughness blocks on atmospheric boundary layer flow over a two-dimensional low hill with/without sudden roughness change. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 95:679–695

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Chapman C, Walker IJ, Hesp PA, Bauer BO, Davidson-Arnott RGD, Oller-head J (2013) Reynolds stress and sand transport over a foredune. Earth Surf Process Landforms 38:1735–1747

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Almeida GP, Durao DFG, Heitor MV (1993) Wake flows behind two-dimensional model hills. Exp Therm Fluid Sci 7:87–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Kanda I, Yamao Y, Uehara K, Wakamatsu S (2013) Particle-image velocimetry measurements of separation and re-attachment of airflow over two-dimensional hills with various slope angles and approach-flow characteristics. Boundary Layer Meteorol 148:157–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Saleh A, Huang G, Vinkovic I, Simoëns S, Le Ribault C, Dupont S, Bergametti G (2014) Concentration of solid particles over hills inside a turbulent boundary layer. Eighth international conference on aeolian research (ICAR VIII), LanZhou, China

  13. Tamura T, Cao S, Okuno A (2007) LES study of the turbulent boundary-layer over a smooth and a rough 2d hill model. Flow Turbul Combust 79:405–432

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Cao S, Wang T, Ge Y, Tamura Y (2012) Numerical study on turbulent boundary layers over two-dimensional hills - Effects of surface roughness and slope. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 104–106:342–349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Araújo AD, Partelli EJR, Pöschel T, Andrade JS, Herrman HJ (2013) Numerical modeling of the wind over a tranverse dune. Nat Sci Rep 3:2858

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Herrmann H, Andradejr J, Schatz V, Sauermann G, Parteli E (2005) Calculation of the separation streamlines of barchans and transverse dunes. Phys A 357:44–49

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Schatz Volker, Herrmann HJ (2006) Flow separation in the lee side of transverse dunes: a numerical investigation. Geomorphology 81:207–216

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Hesp PA, Smyth TA (2017) Nebkha flow dynamics and shadow dune formation. Geomorphology 282:27–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Smyth TA (2016) A review of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) airflow modelling over aeolian landforms. Aeolian Res 22:153–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Hamed AM, Kamdar A, Castillo L, Chamorro LP (2015) Turbulent boundary layer over 2D and 3D large-scale wavy walls. Phys Fluids 27(10):106601-1-14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Grimmond C, Oke TR (1999) Aerodynamics properties of urban areas derived from analysis of surface form. J Appl Meteorol 38:1262–1292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Vinçont JY, Simoëns S, Ayrault M, Wallace JM (2000) Passive scalar dispersion in a turbulent boundary layer from a line source at the wall and down stream of an obstacle. J Fluid Mech 424:127–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Simoëns S, Ayrault M, Wallace J (2007) The flow across a street canyon of variable width—part 1: kinematic description. Atmos Environ 41:9002–9017

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Simoëns S, Wallace JM (2008) The flow across a street canyon of variable width—part 2: scalar dispersion for the flow across a street canyon of variable width. Atmos Environ 42(10):2489–2503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Blackman K, Perret L, Savory E (2015) Effect of upstream flow regime on street canyon flow mean turbulence statistics. Environ Fluid Mech 15:823–849

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Garbero V, Salizzoni P, Soulhac L, Mejean P (2011) Measurements and CFD simulations of flow and dispersion in urban geometries. Int J Environ Pollut 44:288–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Hussain M, Lee BE (1980) A wind tunnel study of the mean pressure forces acting on large groups of low-rise buildings. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 6:207–225

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Shao Y (2009) Physics and modeling of wind erosion, vol 37. Atmospheric and oceanographic sciences library. Springer, Dordrecht

    Book  Google Scholar 

  29. Vinkovic I, Aguirre C, Simoëns S (2006) Large eddy simulation and Lagrangian stochastic modeling of passive scalar dispersion in a turbulent boundary layer. J Turbul 7:30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Tamura T, Cao S (2002) Numerical study of unsteady wake flows over a hill for the oncoming boundary-layer turbulence. Eng Turbul Model Exp 5:237–246 Elsevier

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Xue M, Droegemeier K, Wong V, Shapiro A, Brewster K (1995) ARPS version 4.0 Users Guide

  32. Calmet I, Mestayer P (2015) Study of the thermal boundary layer during sea-breeze events in the complex coastal area of Marseille. Theor Appl Climatol 123(3):801–826

    Google Scholar 

  33. Vinkovic I, Aguirre C, Simoëns S, Ayrault M (2006) Large eddy simulation of the dispersion of solid particles in a turbulent boundary layer. Boundary Layer Meteor 121:283–311

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Dupont S, Bergametti G, Marticorena B, Simoëns S (2013) Modeling saltation intermittency. J Geophys Res Atmos 118:7109–7128

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Le Ribault C, Vignon JM, Simoëns S (2014) LES/Lagrangian modelling for the dispersion of reactive species behind an obstacle in a turbulent boundary layer. JP J Heat Mass transf 9(1):21–55

    Google Scholar 

  36. Dupont S, Bergametti G, Simoëns S (2014) Modeling aeolian erosion in presence of vegetation. J Geophys Res Earth Surf 119(2):168–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Mott R, Lehning M (2010) Meteorological modelling of very-high resolution wind fields and snow deposition for mountains. J Hydrometeorol 11:934–949

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Yoshizawa A, Horiuti K (1995) A statistically-derived subgrid-scale kinetic models for large eddy simulation of turbulent. J Phys Soc Jpn 54(8):2834–2839

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Lund T, Wu X, Squires K (1998) Generation of turbulent inflow data for spatially developing boundary layer simulations. J Comput Phys 140:233–258

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Aguirre C, Brizuela AB, Vinkovic I, Simoëns S (2006) A subgrid Lagrangian stochastic model for turbulent passive and reactive scalar dispersion. Heat Fluid Flow 27:627–635

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Businger JA, Wyngaard JC, Izumi Y, Bradley EF (1971) Flux-profile relationships in the atmospheric surface layer. J Atmos Sci 28:181–189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Huang G (2015) Numerical simulation of solid particle transport in atmospheric boundary-layer over obstacles, Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon

  43. Mollinger AM, Nieuwstadt FTM (1996) Measurement of the lift force on a particle fixed to the wall in the viscous sublayer of a fully developed turbulent boundary layer. J Fluid Mech 316:285–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Schmeeckle MW, Nelson JM, Shreve RL (2007) Forces on stationary particles in near-bed turbulent flows. J Geophys Res Earth Surf 112:F02003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Sumer BM, Chua L, Cheng NS (2003) Influence of turbulence on bed load sediment transport. J Hydraul Eng 129:585–596

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Dwivedi A, Melville B, Shamseldin AY (2010) Hydrodynamic forces generated on a spherical sediment particle during entrainment. J Hydraul Eng 136:756–769

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Hofland B, Batjes JA, Booij R (2005) Measurement of fluctuating pressures on coarse bed material. J Hydraul Eng 131(9):770–781

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Wallace JM, Eckelmann H, Brodkey RS (1972) Structure of the Reynolds stress near the wall. J Fluid Mech 54:6592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Wiggs GGS, Weaver CM (2012) Turbulent flow structures and aeolian sediment transport over a barchan sand dune. Geophys Res Lett 39:L05404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Zimon AD (1969) Adhesion of dust and powder. Springer, Berlin

    Book  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We acknowledge NFSC/ANR Chinese/French program PEDO-COTESOF. This work was granted access to the HPC resources of CINES. Numerical simulations were also performed on the P2CHPD parallel cluster.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. LMFA, ECL, CNRS UMR 5509, UCB Lyon 1, INSA, 36, avenue Guy de collongue, 69134, Ecully Cedex, France

    G. Huang, C. Le Ribault, I. Vinkovic & S. Simoëns

Authors
  1. G. Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. C. Le Ribault
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. I. Vinkovic
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. S. Simoëns
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Le Ribault.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Huang, G., Le Ribault, C., Vinkovic, I. et al. Part I : a priori study of erosion and deposition with large eddy simulation of turbulent flow over multiple 2D sandy Gaussian hills. Environ Fluid Mech 18, 581–609 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-017-9552-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-017-9552-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation