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Immunomodulatory effect of human dedifferentiated fat cells: comparison with adipose-derived stem cells

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Abstract

Dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs), which are originated by the dedifferentiation of adipocytes, display surface markers of mesenchymal stem cells and are able to differentiate into different cell types, thus, yielding a huge therapeutic potential in repairing damaged tissues and organs. The use of allogeneic stem cells from healthy donors constitutes the basis of a new strategy for cell therapy in the field of transplantation and the first requirement for allografts is determining their immunological properties. In this study, human DFATs and ADSCs were passaged as in vitro models to investigate their immunomodulatory effects. Phenotypic analysis of cell surface markers and three-line differentiation protocols were used to identify stem cells. The immunogenic phenotypes of DFATs and ADSCs were analyzed by flow cytometry and a mixed lymphocyte reaction was used to assess their immune function. The characteristics of stem cells were confirmed by phenotypic identification of cell surface markers and three-line differentiation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that P3 generation DFATs and ADSCs contained human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules, but did not express HLA class II molecules and costimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86. Moreover, allogeneic DFATs and ADSCs could not induce the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, both populations were shown to inhibit the Concanavalin A-stimulated proliferation of PBMCs and act as third-party cells responsible for inhibiting the mixed lymphocyte response. DFATs have immunosuppressive properties similar to ADSCs. Based on this, allogeneic DFATs have potential applications in tissue repair or cell therapy.

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All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Lin & Dali Mu

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  1. Yan Lin
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  2. Dali Mu
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Yan Lin and Dali Mu. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yan Lin and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Dali Mu.

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The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

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Cells were harvested with written informed consent from the donor through the Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. All procedures performed involving human participants in experiments were carried out per ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Lin, Y., Mu, D. Immunomodulatory effect of human dedifferentiated fat cells: comparison with adipose-derived stem cells. Cytotechnology 75, 231–242 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-023-00572-4

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