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Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Protect Fat Grafts at the Early Stage and Improve Long-Term Retention in Immunocompetent Rats

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Abstract

Background

Syngeneic adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) promote the survival of fat grafts. But it is unclear whether allogeneic ASCs have a similar protective effect. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of allogeneic ASCs in a fat graft model of immunocompetent rats.

Methods

Syngeneic and allogeneic ASCs were derived from Lewis (LEW) and Norway-Brown rats, respectively. Fifty-four LEW rats were divided into three groups. Each LEW rat was injected subcutaneously at two paravertebral spots with adipose granules premixed with DMEM (AFT group), syngeneic ASCs (SYNG group), or allogeneic ASCs (ALLG group). Fat grafts were harvested at 7 and 14 days to examine apoptosis rates and immunochemistry staining was performed for Perilipin A and CD34. At 3 months, fat graft volume retentions were measured. The proportion of regulatory T (Treg) cells and the ratio of CD4/CD8 cells in blood were analyzed at 7 days.

Results

Expression of Perilipin A and CD34 was higher in the ALLG group than the AFT group at 14 days (P < 0.05). The apoptosis rate in the ALLG group decreased in comparison with the AFT group at 7 and 14 days (P < 0.05). At 3 months, allogeneic ASCs increased fat graft volume retentions (P < 0.05). No difference was found in the proportion of Treg cells and CD4/CD8 cells ratio between groups. There were no statistically significant difference between ALLG and SYNG groups at all time points (P > 0.05).

Conclusions

Allogeneic ASCs protected fat grafts at the early stage and improved long-term volume retention in the fat graft model of immunocompetent rats with no or little obvious immune rejection.

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Acknowledgments

We express our gratitude to Dr. Zhang Kui and Dr. Zhang Wenbin for their expert suggestions regarding the manuscript. This work was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (81372078) (81301632).

Conflict of interest

None of the authors has a financial interest in any of the products, devices, or drugs mentioned in this manuscript.

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Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. Graduate School, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China

      Jun Zhang

    2. Department of Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of PLA, 83 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China

      Jun Zhang, Peng Chang & Xiaoyan Liu

    3. Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 Changle West Road, Xi’an, 710032, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

      Yunchuan Wang, Bin Zhao, Lei Fan, Xiaozhi Bai, Longlong Yang & Dahai Hu

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    1. Jun Zhang
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    Correspondence to Dahai Hu or Xiaoyan Liu.

    Additional information

    Jun Zhang and Yunchuan Wang have contributed equally to this work and agreed to share the first authorship position together. Xiaoyan Liu is the primary corresponding author of this article and Dahai Hu is the co-corresponding author.

    Electronic supplementary material

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    Online Resource 1

    The proportion of peripheral blood CD4/CD25/Foxp3 Treg cells. At 7 days, an average proportion of Treg in the AFT, SYNG, and ALLG groups were 6.6 ± 1.3, 7.3 ± 1.4 and 7.2 ± 1.0 % respectively (n = 6). Treg cells regulatory T cells

    Online Resource 2

    Viable adipocytes were measured by Perilipin A staining in fat grafts. Perilipin A-positive adipocytes with normal size were viable adipocytes,as indicated by the blue arrows, while the dead adipocytes were Perilipin A-negative even with normal size,as indicated by the white arrows. Scale bar 200 μm

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    Zhang, J., Wang, Y., Zhao, B. et al. Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Protect Fat Grafts at the Early Stage and Improve Long-Term Retention in Immunocompetent Rats. Aesth Plast Surg 39, 625–634 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-015-0505-9

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