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Conservation genetics of critically endangered Crepidiastrum grandicollum (Asteraceae) and two closely related woody species of the Bonin Islands, Japan

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Abstract

Crepidiastrum grandicollum is a critically endangered insular endemic herb found only on two oceanic islands of the Bonin Islands in Japan, namely Chichijima Island and Anijima Island. It is explicitly threatened by herbivory pressure from introduced animals. In 2009, a conservation program for C. grandicollum was begun to ensure its future persistence. To provide further information for conservation planning, we investigated the genetic diversity of C. grandicollum using 13 novel microsatellite markers in 55 individuals from four wild populations and an ex situ living collection. Two closely related woody species were also included for interspecific comparison: seven individuals of Crepidiastrum ameristophyllum and 13 of Crepidiastrum linguifolium. The 13 markers were applicable to all three species and identified 129 alleles in total. We found a clear genetic differentiation between C. grandicollum from Anijima Island and Chichijima Island. Crepidiastrum grandicollum also had low expected heterozygosity and allelic richness in populations compared to the two closely related species. Reconstructed divergence history suggested that differentiation between the islands had occurred several thousand generations ago. We suggest separate conservation units for C. grandicollum on Anijima Island and Chichijima Island given the clear (and putatively historical) genetic differentiation, which may result in speciation in the future.

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Data availability

The raw reads obtained by high-throughput sequencing in this study is available at NIH Sequence Read Archive: accession no. SSR7716234 (https://trace.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/sra/?run=SRR7716234). The complete sequences of microsatellite loci are available at GenBank: accession no. MH763666–MH763674 and MW119571–MW119574. The plant materials assessed in this study are curated at Koishikawa Botanical Garden, Tokyo, Japan and Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (15H004414) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (4-1605 & 4-1902) from Ministry of the Environment, Japan. We thank Dr. Gohta Kinoshita for support in lab and Drs. Masato Hayamizu and Akihiro Sumida for providing helpful comments on the manuscript. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers and the editor for their helpful comments that improved the manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (15H004414) from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and Environment Research and Technology Development Fund (4-1605 & 4-1902) from Ministry of the Environment, Japan.

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Author notes

  1. Ayu Narita

    Present address: Forestry Research Institute, Hokkaido Research Organization, Koushunai, Bibai, Hokkaido, 079-0198, Japan

  2. Naoyuki Nakahama

    Present address: Institute of Natural and Environmental Sciences, University of Hyogo, 6 Yayoigaoka, Sanda City, Hyogo, 669-1546, Japan

  3. Naoyuki Nakahama

    Present address: The Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo, 6 Yayoigaoka, Sanda City, Hyogo, 669-1546, Japan

  4. Ayako Izuno

    Present address: Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8687, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan

    Ayu Narita, Naoyuki Nakahama, Ayako Izuno & Yuji Isagi

  2. Ogasawara Environmental Planning Laboratory, Motochi, Hahajima, Ogasawara, Tokyo, 100-2211, Japan

    Kayo Hayama

  3. Botanical Gardens, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 3-7-1 Hakusan, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-0001, Japan

    Yoshiteru Komaki, Takefumi Tanaka & Jin Murata

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  1. Ayu Narita
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Contributions

Investigation: AN, NN, AI; Resources: KH, YK, TT, JM; Funding acquisition and Supervision: YI; Writing—original draft preparation: AN; Writing -review and editing: All authors.

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Correspondence to Ayu Narita.

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Narita, A., Nakahama, N., Izuno, A. et al. Conservation genetics of critically endangered Crepidiastrum grandicollum (Asteraceae) and two closely related woody species of the Bonin Islands, Japan. Conserv Genet 22, 717–727 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10592-021-01353-2

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