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Genetic differentiation in Elaeocarpus photiniifolia (Elaeocarpaceae) associated with geographic distribution and habitat variation in the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands

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Abstract

Gene flow between populations in different environmental conditions can be limited due to divergent natural selection, thus promoting genetic differentiation. Elaeocarpus photiniifolia, an endemic tree species in the Bonin Islands, is distributed in two types of habitats, dry scrubs and mesic forests. We aim to elucidate the genetic differentiation in E. photiniifolia within and between islands and between the habitat types. We investigated genotypes of 639 individuals from 19 populations of E. photiniifolia and its closely-related E. sylvestris at 24 microsatellite loci derived from expressed sequence tags. The data revealed genetic differentiation (1) between E. photiniifolia and E. sylvestris (0.307 ≤ F ST ≤ 0.470), (2) between the E. photiniifolia populations of the Chichijima and Hahajima Island Groups in the Bonin Islands (0.033 ≤ F ST ≤ 0.121) and (3) between E. photiniifolia populations associated with dry scrubs and mesic forests in the Chichijima Island Group (0.005 ≤ F ST ≤ 0.071). Principal coordinate analysis and Bayesian clustering analysis also showed that genetically distinct groups were associated with the habitat types, and isolation by distance was not responsible for the genetic differentiation. These findings suggest that E. photiniifolia is divided into genetically differentiated groups associated with different environmental conditions in the Bonin Islands.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Mr. Takaya Yasui, Mr. Yoshio Hoshi, and Dr. Hideki Takasu for their assistance in the collection of plant materials, and Ms. Akiko Hisamatsu and Ms. Yasuko Kawamata for her help with the laboratory experiments. We also thank other members of the Department of Forest Genetics of the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI) and Makino Herbarium at Tokyo Metropolitan University for their supports. This study was partly supported by a Fund of the Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan to H.Y.; a Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows (no. 10J05727) to K.S.; and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (no. 23310167) to H.K.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Makino Herbarium, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Ohsawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan

    Kyoko Sugai, Noriaki Murakami & Hidetoshi Kato

  2. Department of Forest Genetics, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8786, Japan

    Suzuki Setsuko & Teruyoshi Nagamitsu

  3. Tama Forest Science Garden, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1833-81 Todori-machi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 193-0843, Japan

    Hiroshi Yoshimaru

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  1. Kyoko Sugai
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  2. Suzuki Setsuko
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  3. Teruyoshi Nagamitsu
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  4. Noriaki Murakami
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  5. Hidetoshi Kato
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Correspondence to Kyoko Sugai.

Appendix

Appendix

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Table 3 Pairwise F ST estimates (below the diagonal) and genetic differentiation test results (above the diagonal) for 21 populations of the three studied Elaeocarpus taxa
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Sugai, K., Setsuko, S., Nagamitsu, T. et al. Genetic differentiation in Elaeocarpus photiniifolia (Elaeocarpaceae) associated with geographic distribution and habitat variation in the Bonin (Ogasawara) Islands. J Plant Res 126, 763–774 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-013-0571-5

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