Abstract
Ischemic damage to the central nervous system (CNS) is a catastrophic postoperative complication of aortic occlusion subsequent to cardiovascular surgery that can cause brain impairment and sometimes even paraplegia. Over recent years, numerous studies have investigated techniques for protecting and revascularizing the nervous system during intraoperative ischemia; however, owing to a lack of knowledge of the physiological distinctions between the brain and spinal cord, as well as the limited availability of testing techniques and treatments for ischemia–reperfusion injury, the cause of brain and spinal cord ischemia–reperfusion injury remains poorly understood, and no adequate response steps are currently available in the clinic. Given the limited ability of the CNS to repair itself, it is of great clinical value to make full use of the proliferative and differentiation potential of stem cells to repair nerves in degenerated and necrotic regions by stem cell transplantation or mobilization, thereby introducing a novel concept for the treatment of severe CNS ischemia–reperfusion injury. This review summarizes the most recent advances in stem cell therapy for ischemia–reperfusion injury in the brain and spinal cord, aiming to advance basic research and the clinical use of stem cell therapy as a promising treatment for this condition.
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This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 82001301, 81974019) to GL and PZ; the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2018YFA0108700, 2017YFA0105602) and NSFC Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges (Grant No. 81720108004) to PZ; the key program of Guangzhou science research plan (Grant No. 201904020047) to PZ; and the Special Project of Dengfeng Program of Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Grant Nos. DFJHBF202111, KJ012020630, DFJH201812, KJ012019119, KJ012019423) to GL and PZ.
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All the authors analyzed and discussed the literature, commenting on and approving the manuscript. QS-S, MN, XS, GD, and GL performed the bibliographic research, drafted the manuscript, and created the table. DL-Z prepared the figures. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Su, Qs., Zhuang, DL., Nasser, M.I. et al. Stem Cell Therapies for Restorative Treatments of Central Nervous System Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury. Cell Mol Neurobiol 43, 491–510 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-022-01204-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-022-01204-9