Abstract
Hemorrhagic shock is the leading cause of preventable deaths in traumatic accidents, emphasizing the significance of hemostasis-promoting materials and their incorporation into a pre-hospital medical response system. Bacterial cellulose has drawn much attention in tissue engineering due to its versatility and biocompatibility. In this study, a hemostatic dressing was composed of bacterial cellulose (BC) and chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), which is a well-known biological agent. The influence of chitosan oligosaccharide on the morphology, chemical, and physical properties of the fabricated cellulose membranes was evaluated. Additionally, the hemostatic performance of BC-COS membranes was investigated through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The results show that the addition of COS led to a lower mechanical strength while increasing the hemostatic properties of the BC membrane. The BC membrane modified with 2 w/v% COS solution (BC-COS2) demonstrated excellent hemostasis promotion through whole blood assays and mice hemorrhage model. The blood clotting index and blood clotting time of the BC-COS2 sample reached 86.25% and 190 s, respectively. Furthermore, in the in vivo experiments, the group treated using BC-COS2 also presented much lower bleeding stop time and blood loss compared to the untreated group. The results reveal the viability of the cellulosic material as a potential hemostatic dressing.
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Acknowledgements
Authors greatly acknowledge the financial support from the Department of Science & Technology and People's Committee of Ben Tre Province, Vietnam.
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This study is funded by the Department of Science and Technology and People's Committee of Ben Tre Province, Vietnam.
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Nghi Thi-Phuong Nguyen: Investigation, Writing—original draft. Huy Hoang Nguyen, Hoan Ngoc Doan: Writing—review & editing. Trung Kien Pham, Khiem Van Nguyen, Binh Thanh Vu, Tin Dai Luong, Tuan-Ngan Tang, Nhi Ngoc-Thao Dang, Bach Thang Phan, Hanh Kieu Thi Ta, Ngoc Quyen Tran: Investigation, Thi-Hiep Nguyen: Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing—review & editing.
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The use of human blood and the method for blood collection and storage for this study were approved by the Institutional Ethics Review Committee of the Vietnam National University HCMC, Vietnam (No. 07/QĐ-IRB-VN01.017). Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. All animal experiments were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the School of Biomedical Engineering, International University—Vietnam National University HCMC, Vietnam (No. A_2022_08).
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Nguyen, N.TP., Nguyen, H.H., Doan, H.N. et al. Chitosan oligosaccharide-loaded bacterial cellulose membrane for hemostatic dressing. Cellulose 30, 11649–11664 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05574-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05574-1