Abstract
A variety of liquid energy exists in papermaking engineering and has not yet been developed and utilized. In addition, for the papermaking industry, the presence of slime can seriously affect the quality of the finished paper and can lead to paper breaking. The current slime control strategies cannot completely solve the problem and also have some low toxicity. In this study, a method of self-powered sterilization of cellulose fibers by using triboelectric pulsed direct current is reported. A liquid–solid triboelectric nanogenerator (L–S TENG) was used to convert the liquid energy of nanocellulose suspension into electrical energy and convert this electrical energy into pulsed direct current for self-powered sterilization of cellulose fiber. A hydrophobic coating material is used as solid triboelectric material and electrode for sterilization. Driven by L–S TENG, the electrodes exhibited an excellent sterilization rate against four microorganisms including Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which from slime in the papermaking industry. This study could provide a basic research theory for liquid energy harvesting in the papermaking industry, and also provide a new strategy for pulp sterilization.
Graphical abstract
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Blanco M, Negro C, Gaspar I, Tijero J (1996) Slime problems in the paper and board industry. Appl Microbiol Biot 46:203–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002530050806
Cai C, Luo B, Liu Y, Fu Q, Liu T, Wang S, Nie S (2021a) Advanced triboelectric materials for liquid energy harvesting and emerging application. Mater Today 52:299–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2021.10.034
Cai C, Mo J, Lu Y, Zhang N, Wu Z, Wang S, Nie S (2021b) Integration of a porous wood-based triboelectric nanogenerator and gas sensor for real-time wireless food-quality assessment. Nano Energy 83:105833. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.105833
Chen H, Yang R, Wang J, Zhao H, Wang B, Wo Q, Zheng B (2017) Isolation of bacteria from old corrugated container slime and characterization of their biofilm-forming properties. BioResources 12:7711–7730. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.4.7711-7730
Chen C, Kuang Y, Zhu S, Burgert I, Keplinger T, Gong A, Li T, Berglund L, Eichhorn SJ, Hu L (2020) Structure–property–function relationships of natural and engineered wood. Nat Rev Mater 5:642–666. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-020-0195-z
Chiu C-M, Ke Y-Y, Chou T-M, Lin Y-J, Yang P-K, Wu C-C, Lin Z-H (2018) Self-powered active antibacterial clothing through hybrid effects of nanowire-enhanced electric field electroporation and controllable hydrogen peroxide generation. Nano Energy 53:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.08.023
Cho S, Hanif Z, Yun Y, Khan ZA, Jang S, Ra Y, Lin Z-H, La M, Park SJ, Choi D (2021) Triboelectrification-driven microbial inactivation in a conductive cellulose filter for affordable, portable, and efficient water sterilization. Nano Energy 88:106228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106228
Disnard J, Beaulieu C, Villemur R (2011) Composition of the bacterial biota in slime developed in two machines at a Canadian paper mill. Can J Microbiol 57:91–104. https://doi.org/10.1139/W10-10
Dong K, Wang ZL (2021) Self-charging power textiles integrating energy harvesting triboelectric nanogenerators with energy storage batteries/supercapacitors. J Semicond 42:101601. https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/42/10/101601
Dong K, Hu Y, Yang J, Kim S-W, Hu W, Wang ZL (2021) Smart textile triboelectric nanogenerators: current status and perspectives. MRS Bull 46:512–521. https://doi.org/10.1557/s43577-021-00123-2
Dong F, Pang Z, Lin Q, Wang D, Ma X, Song S, Nie S (2022a) Triboelectric nanogenerator enhanced radical generation in a photoelectric catalysis system via pulsed direct-current. Nano Energy 100:107515
Dong F, Pang Z, Yang S, Lin Q, Song S, Li C, Ma X, Nie S (2022b) Improving wastewater treatment by triboelectric-photo/electric coupling effect. ACS Nano 16:3449–3475. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c10755
Dong K, Peng X, Cheng R, Ning C, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Wang ZL (2022c) Advances in high-performance autonomous energy and self-powered sensing textiles with novel 3d fabric structures. Adv Mater. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202109355
Dong K, Peng X, Cheng R, Wang ZL (2022d) Smart textile triboelectric nanogenerators: prospective strategies for improving electricity output performance. Nanoenergy Adv 2:133–164. https://doi.org/10.3390/nanoenergyadv2010006
Fan F-R, Tian Z-Q, Wang ZL (2012) Flexible Triboelectric Generator. Nano Energy 1:328–334. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2012.01.004
Fu Q, Liu Y, Mo J, Lu Y, Cai C, Zhao Z, Wang S, Nie S (2021) Improved capture and removal efficiency of gaseous acetaldehyde by a self-powered photocatalytic system with an external electric field. ACS Nano 15:10577–10586. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c03230
Huang C-Y, Hsieh S-P, Kuo P-A, Jane W-N, Tu J, Wang Y-N, Ko C-H (2009) Impact of disinfectant and nutrient concentration on growth and biofilm formation for a Pseudomonas strain and the mixed cultures from a fine papermachine system. Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 63:998–1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ibiod.2009.07.004
Huo Z-Y, Kim Y-J, Suh I-Y, Lee D-M, Lee JH, Du Y, Wang S, Yoon H-J, Kim S-W (2021) Triboelectrification induced self-powered microbial disinfection using nanowire-enhanced localized electric field. Nat Commun 12:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24028-5
Lin ZH, Cheng G, Lin L, Lee S, Wang ZL (2013) Water–solid surface contact electrification and its use for harvesting liquid-wave energy. Agew Chem Int Ed 52:12545–12549. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201307249
Lin S, Xu L, Chi Wang A, Wang ZL (2020a) Quantifying electron-transfer in liquid-solid contact electrification and the formation of electric double-layer. Nat Commun 11:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-14278-9
Lin S, Zheng M, Luo J, Wang ZL (2020b) Effects of surface functional groups on electron transfer at liquid–solid interfacial contact electrification. ACS Nano 14:10733–10741. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c06075
Lin S, Chen X, Wang ZL (2021) Contact electrification at the liquid–solid interface. Chem Rev 122:5209–5232. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00176
Liu Y, Mo J, Fu Q, Lu Y, Zhang N, Wang S, Nie S (2020) Enhancement of triboelectric charge density by chemical functionalization. Adv Funct Mater 30:2004714. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202004714
Liu B-H, Xie G-Z, Li C-Z, Wang S, Yuan Z, Duan Z-H, Jiang Y-D, Tai H-L (2021a) A chitosan/amido-graphene oxide-based self-powered humidity sensor enabled by triboelectric effect. Rare Met 40:1995–2003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-020-01645-5
Liu Y, Fu Q, Mo J, Lu Y, Cai C, Luo B, Nie S (2021b) Chemically tailored molecular surface modification of cellulose nanofibrils for manipulating the charge density of triboelectric nanogenerators. Nano Energy 89:106369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106369
Liu X, Mo J, Wu W, Song H, Nie S (2022) Triboelectric pulsed direct-current enhanced radical generation for efficient degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater. Appl Catal B 312:121422. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121422
May OW (1991) Chemical processing aids: the problem-solving additives. Tappi J 74:67–71
Mo J, Zhang C, Lu Y, Liu Y, Zhang N, Wang S, Nie S (2020) Radial piston triboelectric nanogenerator-enhanced cellulose fiber air filter for self-powered particulate matter removal. Nano Energy 78:105357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105357
Mo J, Liu Y, Fu Q, Cai C, Lu Y, Wu W, Zhao Z, Song H, Wang S, Nie S (2022) Triboelectric nanogenerators for enhanced degradation of antibiotics via external electric field. Nano Energy 93:106842. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.106842
Nie J, Ren Z, Xu L, Lin S, Zhan F, Chen X, Wang ZL (2020a) Probing contact-electrification-induced electron and ion transfers at a liquid–solid interface. Adv Mater 32:1905696. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201905696
Nie S, Cai C, Lin X, Zhang C, Lu Y, Mo J, Wang S (2020b) Chemically functionalized cellulose nanofibrils for improving triboelectric charge density of a triboelectric nanogenerator. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 8:18678–18685. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.0c07531
Nie S, Fu Q, Lin X, Zhang C, Lu Y, Wang S (2021) Enhanced performance of a cellulose nanofibrils-based triboelectric nanogenerator by tuning the surface polarizability and hydrophobicity. Chem Eng J 404:126512. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.126512
Pathak P, Kumar V, Bhardwaj NK, Sharma C (2021) Slime control in paper mill using biological agents as biocides. Phys Sci Rev 6:149–173. https://doi.org/10.1515/psr-2019-0049
Qin Y, Mo J, Liu Y, Zhang S, Wang J, Fu Q, Wang S, Nie S (2022) Stretchable triboelectric self-powered sweat sensor fabricated from self-healing nanocellulose hydrogels. Adv Funct Mater. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202201846
Rättö M, Suihko M-L, Siika-aho M (2005) Polysaccharide-producing bacteria isolated from paper machine slime deposits. J Ind Microbiol Biot 32:109–114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-005-0210-9
Rogers JG, Cooper SJ, Norman JB (2018) Uses of industrial energy benchmarking with reference to the pulp and paper industries. Renew Sust Energy Rev 95:23–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.06.019
Shukla B (2012) Benefits of paper mill white water recovery using backwash filtration system: Appita: technology. Innov Manuf Environ 65:44–47. https://doi.org/10.3316/informit.806989280150867
Simons B, Da Silva SC, Meier M (2004) Improving productivity through microbial deposit control management. Pap Puu 86:349–352. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-003-0603-1
Tian J, Feng H, Yan L, Yu M, Ouyang H, Li H, Jiang W, Jin Y, Zhu G, Li Z (2017) A self-powered sterilization system with both instant and sustainable anti-bacterial ability. Nano Energy 36:241–249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.04.030
Torres CE, Gibello A, Nande M, Martin M, Blanco A (2008) Fluorescent in situ hybridization and flow cytometry as tools to evaluate the treatments for the control of slime-forming enterobacteria in paper mills. Appl Microbiol Biot 78:889–897. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-008-1369-6
Wang ZL, Wang AC (2019) On the origin of contact-electrification. Mater Today 30:34–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2019.05.016
Wang B, Wu Y, Liu Y, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Xu C, Kong X, Feng Y, Zhang X, Wang D (2020) New hydrophobic organic coating based triboelectric nanogenerator for efficient and stable hydropower harvesting. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 12:31351–31359. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c03843
Wei X, Zhao Z, Zhang C, Yuan W, Wu Z, Wang J, Wang ZL (2021) All-weather droplet-based triboelectric nanogenerator for wave energy harvesting. ACS Nano 15:13200–13208. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c02790
Xu W, Zheng H, Liu Y, Zhou X, Zhang C, Song Y, Deng X, Leung M, Yang Z, Xu RX (2020) A droplet-based electricity generator with high instantaneous power density. Nature 578:392–396. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-1985-6
Xu W, Song Y, Xu RX, Wang Z (2021) Electrohydrodynamic and hydroelectric effects at the water–solid interface: from fundamentals to applications. Adv Mater Interfaces 8:2000670. https://doi.org/10.1002/admi.202000670
Yan L, Zhou T, Han L, Zhu M, Cheng Z, Li D, Ren F, Wang K, Lu X (2021) Conductive cellulose bio-nanosheets assembled biostable hydrogel for reliable bioelectronics. Adv Funct Mater 31:2010465. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202010465
Zhang X, Beatson R, Cai Y, Saddler J (1999) Accumulation of specific dissolved and colloidal substances during white water recycling affects paper properties. J Pulp Pap Sci 25:206–210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001070050046
Zhang X, Zheng Y, Wang D, Zhou F (2017) Solid-liquid triboelectrification in smart U-tube for multifunctional sensors. Nano Energy 40:95–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.08.010
Zhang C, Lin X, Zhang N, Lu Y, Wu Z, Liu G, Nie S (2019) Chemically functionalized cellulose nanofibrils-based gear-like triboelectric nanogenerator for energy harvesting and sensing. Nano Energy 66:104126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104126
Zhang L, Li X, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Zhou F, Wang D (2020) Regulation and influence factors of triboelectricity at the solid-liquid interface. Nano Energy 78:105370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105370
Zhang W, Lu Y, Liu T, Zhao J, Liu Y, Fu Q, Mo J, Cai C, Nie S (2022) Spheres multiple physical network-based triboelectric materials for self-powered contactless sensing. Small. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202200577
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971604) and the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China (2018GXNSFDA281050).
Funding
Funding was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31971604) and the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China (2018GXNSFDA281050).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no competing interests.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cai, C., Luo, B., Liu, T. et al. Triboelectric pulsed direct current for self-powered sterilization of cellulose fiber. Cellulose 29, 7139–7149 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04733-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04733-0