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Progress toward liquid biopsies in pediatric solid tumors

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Abstract

Pediatric solid tumors have long been known to shed tumor cells, DNA, RNA, and proteins into the blood. Recent technological advances have allowed for improved capture and analysis of these typically scant circulating materials. Efforts are ongoing to develop “liquid biopsy” assays as minimally invasive tools to address diagnostic, prognostic, and disease monitoring needs in childhood cancer care. Applying these highly sensitive technologies to serial liquid biopsies is expected to advance understanding of tumor biology, heterogeneity, and evolution over the course of therapy, thus opening new avenues for personalized therapy. In this review, we outline the latest technologies available for liquid biopsies and describe the methods, pitfalls, and benefits of the assays that are being developed for children with extracranial solid tumors. We discuss what has been learned in several of the most common pediatric solid tumors including neuroblastoma, sarcoma, Wilms tumor, and hepatoblastoma and highlight promising future directions for the field.

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MAA is supported by the NIH Grant Number and K08CA226237. The contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.

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  1. Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Children’s Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, NY, USA

    Daniel A. Weiser & Ellen Fraint

  2. Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Diana C. West-Szymanski

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA

    Shoshana Weiner

  4. Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Marco A. Rivas, Carolyn W.T. Zhao & Chuan He

  5. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Chuan He

  6. Department of Pediatrics, The University of Chicago, 900 E. 57th St., KCBD 5116, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA

    Mark A. Applebaum

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CH is a shareholder of Shanghai Epican Genetech Co. Ltd. that licensed 5hmC-Seal from The University of Chicago. CH is a scientific founder and scientific advisory board member of Accent Therapeutics, Inc.

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Weiser, D.A., West-Szymanski, D.C., Fraint, E. et al. Progress toward liquid biopsies in pediatric solid tumors. Cancer Metastasis Rev 38, 553–571 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10555-019-09825-1

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