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LC–MS/MS-Based Metabolome Analysis of Biochemical Pathways Altered by Food Limitation in Larvae of Ivory Shell, Babylonia areolata

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Abstract

Ivory shell, Babylonia areolata, is one of the commercially important mariculture species in China and South East Asia. Survival varies in the artificial hatching and larval rearing of B. areolata. Food deprivation may be involved in rearing mortality, and so, a better understanding of how larvae respond and adjust to starvation is needed. In this study, the metabolite profiles of newly hatched larvae with yolk (I), larvae with yolk exhaustion (II), larvae suffering 24 h starvation after yolk exhaustion (III), and larvae fed with exogenous nutrients after yolk exhaustion (IV) were analyzed by LC–MS/MS. Principal component and cluster analyses revealed differential abundance of metabolite profiles across groups. When compared to metabolite levels of the I group, significantly up-regulated metabolites included polyunsaturated fatty acids, phospholipids, nucleotide, amino acids, and their derivatives were found in the II group, indicating that organisms relied predominantly on glycerophospolipid metabolism and protein-based catabolism for energy production during this stage. During starvation after yolk exhaustion, the levels of all energy related metabolites were significantly reduced, but an increase in products of purine and pyrimidine metabolism indicated an insufficient energy supply and an increase in cellular disintegration. Larvae fed exogenous nutrients can have significantly improved metabolism compared to starved larvae. These findings suggest that metabolomics, using LC–MS/MS, can be used to assess the physiological status and food-affected metabolic changes affecting B. areolata larvae.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences for its assistance in operations over the larval periods. This research was supported by the Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (No. CARS-48) and the Hainan Provincial Ocean Basic Budget Project in 2016.

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  1. Jingqiang Fu and Minghui Shen contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China

    Jingqiang Fu, Minghui Shen, Yawei Shen, Miaoqin Huang, Xuan Luo, Jinjin Yu, Caihuan Ke & Weiwei You

  2. College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China

    Jingqiang Fu, Minghui Shen, Yawei Shen, Miaoqin Huang, Xuan Luo, Jinjin Yu, Caihuan Ke & Weiwei You

  3. Tropical Marine Products Fine Breed Center, Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences, 570216, Hainan, People’s Republic of China

    Minghui Shen

  4. College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, 524088, Zhanjiang, People’s Republic of China

    Wengang Lü

  5. Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Exploitation and Utilization of Marine Biological Resources, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China

    Xuan Luo, Caihuan Ke & Weiwei You

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  1. Jingqiang Fu
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Correspondence to Weiwei You.

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Fu, J., Shen, M., Shen, Y. et al. LC–MS/MS-Based Metabolome Analysis of Biochemical Pathways Altered by Food Limitation in Larvae of Ivory Shell, Babylonia areolata. Mar Biotechnol 20, 451–466 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-018-9808-6

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