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Temporary immersion systems (RITA®) for the improvement of cork oak somatic embryogenic culture proliferation and somatic embryo production

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Abstract

Somatic embryogenesis in cork oak (Quercus suber L.) is an efficient tool that allows the production of large number of embryos from selected quality and productive trees. Temporary immersion systems (TIS) are an alternative to semi-solid or liquid culture that combine the advantages of liquid culture and avoid the associated problems. Parameters that affect the TIS multiplication efficiency of Q. suber L. embryogenic cultures were evaluated. Immersion frequencies of 1 min every 6 or 4 h increased the fresh weight 3.7 or 7.5-fold compared with an immersion frequency of 1 min every 12 h or cultures on semi-solid medium, respectively. The cellular fate of embryogenic cultures was also affected by the immersion frequency, 1 min every 6 h was the best for mass propagation of proliferative developmental stages (embryogenic calli and embryo clusters) while 1 min every 4 h promoted the formation of single, fully developed cotyledonary embryos. An initial amount of 1.5 g fresh weight of proliferative tissues produced the best results in RITA® containers while 0.5 g of embryogenic callus was the best for semi-solid cultures.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Spanish national projects AGL2007-62907 and AGL2010-22351-C03-01. FICYT foundation supported the fellowship of M. Pérez. We are grateful to Elisa Quiala for her assistance during the experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lab. Fisiología Vegetal, Dpto. B.O.S., Facultad de Biología, Oviedo University, C/ Catedrático Rodrigo Uría, s/n, 33071, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain

    Marta Pérez, Roberto Rodríguez & María Jesús Cañal

  2. Forest Biotechnology, CIFOR-INIA, Crta de la Coruña. Km. 7.5, 28040, Madrid, Spain

    María Angeles Bueno

  3. Intituto Universitario de Biotecnología de Asturias (IUBA asociado con CSIC), Oviedo, Spain

    Marta Pérez, Roberto Rodríguez & María Jesús Cañal

  4. Centro de Bioplantas, Crta Ciego-Morón Km. 9, 69450, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba

    Maritza Escalona

  5. Seed Conservation Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Wakehurst Place, Ardingly, West Sussex, RH176TN, UK

    Peter Toorop

Authors
  1. Marta Pérez
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  2. María Angeles Bueno
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  3. Maritza Escalona
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  4. Peter Toorop
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  5. Roberto Rodríguez
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  6. María Jesús Cañal
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marta Pérez.

Additional information

Communicated by K. Klimaszewska.

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Pérez, M., Bueno, M.A., Escalona, M. et al. Temporary immersion systems (RITA®) for the improvement of cork oak somatic embryogenic culture proliferation and somatic embryo production. Trees 27, 1277–1284 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-013-0876-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-013-0876-y

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