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Cobalt separation by Alphaproteobacterium MTB-KTN90: magnetotactic bacteria in bioremediation

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Abstract

Bioremediation of toxic metals by magnetotactic bacteria and magnetic separation of metal-loaded magnetotactic bacteria are of great interest. This bioprocess technique is rapid, efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly. In this study, cobalt removal potential of a novel isolated magnetotactic bacterium (Alphaproteobacterium MTB-KTN90) as a new biosorbent was investigated. The effects of various environmental parameters in the cobalt removal and the technique of magnetic separation of cobalt-loaded bacterial cells were studied. Cobalt removal by MTB-KTN90 was very sensitive to pH solution; higher biosorption capacity was observed around pH 6.5–7.0. When biomass concentration increased from 0.009 to 0.09 g/l, the biosorption efficiency increased from 13.87 % to 19.22 %. The sorption of cobalt by MTB-KTN90 was rapid during the first 15 min (859.17 mg/g dry weight). With the increasing of cobalt concentrations from 1 to 225 mg/l, the specific cobalt uptake increased. Maximum cobalt removal (1160.51 ± 15.42 mg/g dry weight) took place at optimum conditions; pH 7.0 with initial cobalt concentration of 115 mg/l at 60 min by 0.015 g/l of dry biomass. The results showed maximum values for constants of Langmuir and Freundlich models so far. The biosorption mechanisms were studied with FTIR, PIXE, and FESEM analysis. Cobalt-loaded MTB-KTN90 had ability to separate from solution by a simple magnetic separator. Magnetic response in MTB-KTN90 is due to the presence of unique intracellular magnetic nanoparticles (magnetosomes). The orientation magnetic separation results indicated that 88.55 % of cobalt was removed from solution. Consequently, Alphaproteobacterium MTB-KTN90 as a new biosorbent opens up good opportunities for the magnetic removal of cobalt from the polluted aquatic environments.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank the Department of Microbiology and Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran for the supports through this study. We also thank Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School and Van de Graff Laboratory, NSTRI, Tehran, Iran for valuable contributions to the analyses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

    Parisa Tajer-Mohammad-Ghazvini, Ahmad Nozad-Golikand & Reza Dabbagh

  2. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

    Parisa Tajer-Mohammad-Ghazvini & Rouha Kasra-Kermanshahi

  3. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    Majid Sadeghizadeh

  4. Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran

    Saeid Ghorbanzadeh-Mashkani

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  1. Parisa Tajer-Mohammad-Ghazvini
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  2. Rouha Kasra-Kermanshahi
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  4. Majid Sadeghizadeh
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Correspondence to Parisa Tajer-Mohammad-Ghazvini or Rouha Kasra-Kermanshahi.

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449_2016_1664_MOESM1_ESM.mpeg

Supplementary material 1 Video file belonging to the magnetically directed motility of magnetotactic bacterial cells under the light microscope at magnifications of 400× (MPEG 13726 kb)

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Tajer-Mohammad-Ghazvini, P., Kasra-Kermanshahi, R., Nozad-Golikand, A. et al. Cobalt separation by Alphaproteobacterium MTB-KTN90: magnetotactic bacteria in bioremediation. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 39, 1899–1911 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-016-1664-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-016-1664-z

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