Abstract
This work assesses the use of immobilized humic acid (ImHA) onto aminopropyl silica (APS) as a sorbent for the removal and preconcentration of trace amounts of cobalt ions by on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) technique in the column system prepared in our laboratory. Different parameters, such as the effect of the pH, concentration, and flow rate, were studied and throughput was observed by a UV detector. All SPE steps were monitored by breakthrough curves used to visualize distribution of cobalt concentration between mobile and solid phase. The solutions collected from stripping steps were analyzed in atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) and the amount of sorbed ions was calculated. Sorption characteristics were evaluated by using common adsorption isotherms and Scatchard plot analysis. From the obtained results, it was seen that sorption mechanism of cobalt ions were fitted to Langmuir model on a large scale and thought to be localized. Mean free energy (E = 40.82 kJ mol−1) calculated from D-R isotherm showed that chemical interactions are more effective than physical interactions. This investigation reveals a new, simple, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective method for removal and preconcentration of cobalt ions from aqueous solutions by a new aminopropyl silica-immobilized humic acid material.
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Abbreviations
- AAS:
-
Atomic absorption spectrometer
- APS:
-
Aminopropyl silica
- DMF:
-
Dimethylformamide
- DOM:
-
Dissolved organic material
- E :
-
Mean free energy of sorption (kJ mol−1)
- HA:
-
Humic acid
- ID:
-
Inner diameter
- ImHA:
-
Immobilized humic acid
- ImNaA:
-
Sodium salt of immobilized humic acid
- k :
-
Freundlich empirical constant
- K :
-
D-R isotherm constant (mol2 kJ−2)
- K b :
-
Adsorption binding constant (L mol−1)
- n :
-
Freundlich empirical constant
- q :
-
Amount of cobalt sorbed per unit weight of ImHA (on the basis of AAS analyses; mmol cobalt/g ImHA)
- q e :
-
Amount of the cobalt sorbed per unit weight of ImHA (mmol cobalt/g ImHA) for the D-R isotherm
- q m :
-
Maximum capacity calculated from isotherms (mmol cobalt/g ImHA)
- R :
-
Universal gas constant (8,314 J K−1 mol−1)
- R 2 :
-
Regression coefficient
- SPE:
-
Solid phase extraction
- ε :
-
Polanyi potential \( \varepsilon = {\text{RTln}}\left( {{1} + \left( {{1}/C} \right)} \right) \)
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Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for kind financial support provided by Selcuk University Coordination Scientific Research Projects, SU-FEF-2003-136.
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The authors have declared no conflict of interest.
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Ayyildiz, H.F., Topkafa, M., Arslan, F. et al. Removal and Preconcentration of Cobalt Ions from Aqueous Media Using ImHA Packed Column by On-Line SPE System. Water Air Soil Pollut 223, 3817–3830 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1150-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1150-4