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Developing tools for investigating the multiple roles of ethylene: identification and mapping genes for ethylene biosynthesis and reception in barley

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Abstract

The plant hormone ethylene is important to many plant processes from germination through senescence, including responses to in vitro growth and plant regeneration. Knowledge of the number and function of genes that are involved in ethylene biosynthesis and reception is necessary to determine the role of specific genes within gene families known to influence ethylene biosynthesis and other aspects of ethylene function in plants. Our objective was built on previous studies that have established the critical role of ethylene in the in vitro response of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), and that have identified ethylene-related QTL in the barley genome. In this study, we have identified the locations of genes in the barley 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (ACS), ACC oxidase (ACO), and ethylene receptor (ETR) gene families. Specific primers for PCR amplification of each gene were developed and used to map these genes in the Oregon Wolf Barley mapping population. Five ACS, 8 ACO, and 7 ETR genes were identified and mapped to six of the barley chromosomes. Gene locations were syntenous to the orthologs in rice except for two that mapped to chromosome 6H. Gene duplication was evident for ACO genes on chromosomes 5H and 6H. Gene-specific primers will be useful for determining expression of each gene under various environmental conditions, including in vitro environments, to better understand the role of ethylene. Of the six known QTL for green plant regeneration in barley, three were located near the genes mapped in this study.

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Acknowledgments

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. The authors thank Dr. Pat Hayes for providing seed of the OWB parents and doubled haploid population, and for making the SNP marker data available on line, and Matthew Nagel for laboratory assistance. Funding for this project was provided by USDA-ARS CRIS Project # 5442-21000-035-00D.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA-ARS Northern Crop Science Laboratory, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND, 58102-2765, USA

    Lynn S. Dahleen & William C. Morgan

  2. Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA

    Neerja Tyagi

  3. USDA-ARS National Small Grains Germplasm Research Facility, Aberdeen, ID, 83210, USA

    Phil Bregitzer & Ryan H. Brown

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  1. Lynn S. Dahleen
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  2. Neerja Tyagi
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Correspondence to Lynn S. Dahleen.

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Communicated by S. Hohmann.

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Dahleen, L.S., Tyagi, N., Bregitzer, P. et al. Developing tools for investigating the multiple roles of ethylene: identification and mapping genes for ethylene biosynthesis and reception in barley. Mol Genet Genomics 287, 793–802 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-012-0716-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00438-012-0716-6

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