Abstract
Haemoproteus syrnii is a haemosporidian parasite found in owls. Although morphological and molecular data on the species is available, its exo-erythrocytic development was never researched. In this study, we provide the morphological, morphometric, and molecular characterization of H. syrnii populations found in owl species from Minas Gerais, southeast Brazil. We also characterized the coalescent species delimitation based on the molecular and histopathology data. Samples from 54 owls from six different species were analyzed, generating 11 sequences of the cyt b gene, from which six were new sequences. The overall prevalence of infection was high (72.22%). The H. syrnii sequences were grouped into two well-supported independent clades, which included other Haemoproteus (Parahaemoproteus) species. This was supported by both the coalescent species delimitation analysis and by the genetic divergence between lineages of these distinct clades. There were small morphological and morphometric differences within the population presented in this study. However, when compared with other studies, the molecular analysis demonstrated considerable intraspecific variation and suggests potential cryptic species. The histopathological analysis revealed, for the first time, that lungs and skeletal muscle are exo-erythrocytic stage location of H. syrnii, and that the parasite is linked to the histopathological changes found in owls. This study brings new data from Haemoproteus species biology and host infection, and improves host-parasite relationship understanding under an owl conservation perspective.
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Acknowledgments
We thank the Instituto Estadual de Florestas de Minas Gerais (IEF) and the Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA) for allowing the collection of birds in the study. We also thank the students Talys Jardim, Rafaela Venançoni, Victor Franzone and Dr. Patrícia Silveira for their help in the methodological procedures.
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We thank the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG/PPM/2016; PPM-00734-16) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)(Edital 2011 Parasitologia Básica) for financial support.
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All procedures and sampling methods of this study involving animals were conducted in compliance with the ethical standards of the institutions and approved by the Comitê de Ética em Experimentação Animal of the Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (protocol n. 031/2017) and by the administration of CETAS-JF: Instituto Brasileiro de Meio Ambiente e Recursos Renováveis (Process n. 02555.100178/2017-65) and the Instituto Estadual de Florestas (Authorization n. 033/2017).
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Barino, G.T.M., Rossi, M.F., de Oliveira, L. et al. Haemoproteus syrnii (Haemosporida: Haemoproteidae) in owls from Brazil: morphological and molecular characterization, potential cryptic species, and exo-erythrocytic stages. Parasitol Res 120, 243–255 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06958-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-020-06958-z