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Synchronization of wing beat cycle of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, by periodic light flashes

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Abstract

Studies on the generation of rhythmic motor patterns have shown that peripheral sensory input may contribute substantially to the rhythm generating network. A prominent example is the wing beat frequency of desert locusts, which can be entrained to rhythmic mechanosensory input, but also to the frequency of periodic light flashes. To further analyze the entrainment by light, tethered flying locusts were presented with periodic light flashes, while the position of the forewing was filmed. We show that entrainment of wing beat occurs both in the UV and green range of light. Animals maintained a characteristic phase relationship to the light stimulus with the most elevated wing position occurring at the end of the dark phase. Speed and time course of entrainment varied greatly and ranged from the duration of a single wing beat cycle to several seconds. To identify the visual system mediating entrainment, synchronization to UV light was tested after cutting the optic stalks to the optic lobes/compound eyes or the ocellar nerves. The results show that light entrainment of the locust flight pattern is largely and perhaps exclusively mediated via the fast ocellar pathway and may have a role to stabilize flight with respect to the horizon.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Nicole Carey for assistance with MatLab and Richard Berry, Stanley Heinze, and Bianca Backasch for helpful discussions. This research was supported by Grants from the Air Force Office of Scientific Research, No. FA8655-08-C-3021 to U.H. and No. FA4869-06-1-0059 to G.S.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Animal Physiology, Philipps-University of Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany

    Fabian Schmeling & Uwe Homberg

  2. Visual Sciences, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia

    Gert Stange

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  1. Fabian Schmeling
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  2. Gert Stange
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  3. Uwe Homberg
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Correspondence to Uwe Homberg.

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Schmeling, F., Stange, G. & Homberg, U. Synchronization of wing beat cycle of the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria, by periodic light flashes. J Comp Physiol A 196, 199–211 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-010-0505-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-010-0505-9

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