Abstract
Soil salinity is a major constraint to crop growth and productivity, limiting sustainable agriculture in arid regions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying salinity tolerance in canola is important for improving salt tolerance and promoting canola cultivation in saline soils. This study exposed canola seedlings to 40 mM Na2CO3 for varying durations before collecting the roots for RNA-Seq analysis and qRT-PCR validation. The results showed that transcript expression in canola roots differed at different stages of Na2CO3 exposure, with oxidative stress responses and sugar metabolism (energy supply) evident after 2 h and increased amino acid metabolism and organic acid metabolism evident after 24 and 72 h. The Na2CO3 treatments increased the expression of numerous differential genes that enrich Ca2+, abscisic acid (ABA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways. In addition, several transcription factor families associated with Na2CO3 tolerance were identified, including bHLH, WRKY, ERF, MYB, and NAC. In summary, crosstalk between Ca2+ signaling pathways and ABA and ROS signaling pathways induced the expression of downstream genes and produced osmoregulatory substances (organic acids) that further regulate canola tolerance to alkaline salt stress. These results provide a basis for further studies on the regulatory mechanisms of alkaline salt stress adaptation in canola.
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Data availability
All Gene ID and annotation files could be obtained from Brassica napus genome v4.1 (https://www.genoscope.cns.fr/brassicanapus/data/). Raw data and other data generated or analyzed were included in this published article in this study (Tables S1–S10). The datasets used and/or analyzed have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Sequence Read Archive (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra). The accession number is PRJNA721127 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA721127), including 21 accession items (SAMN18700206—SAMN18700226).
Abbreviations
- F-BOX2:
-
AUXIN SIGNALING F-BOX 2
- IAA:
-
Auxin-responsive protein IAA
- SAUR:
-
Auxin-responsive protein SAUR
- AIR12:
-
Auxin-induced in root cultures protein 12
- ARF5:
-
Auxin response factor 5
- AXR4:
-
Protein AUXIN RESPONSE 4
- LAX3:
-
Auxin transporter-like protein 3
- LAX1:
-
Auxin transporter-like protein 1
- PLC2:
-
Phosphoinositide phospholipase C 2
- PLC7:
-
Phosphoinositide phospholipase C 7
- PYL:
-
Abscisic acid receptor
- ABI5:
-
Abscisic acid-insensitive 5-like protein 7
- PP2C:
-
Protein phosphatase 2C
- ACS:
-
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase 11
- ACO:
-
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase
- ERS2:
-
Ethylene response sensor 2
- EIL3:
-
Ethylene insensitive 3-like 3 protein
- GA20ox:
-
Gibberellin 20-oxidase-like protein
- GRPs:
-
Gibberellin-regulated protein
- GA2OX2:
-
Gibberellin 2-beta-dioxygenase 2
- F-box:
-
F-box protein
- POD:
-
Peroxidase
- CAT:
-
Catalase
- GSH:
-
Glutathione
- GSTU:
-
Glutathione S-transferase
- GPX:
-
Glutathione peroxidase
- AKRs:
-
Aldo–keto reductase
- GRX:
-
Monothiol glutaredoxin
- Trx:
-
Thioredoxin
- CAMs:
-
Calmodulins
- CBP:
-
Calcium-binding protein
- CaMBPs:
-
Calmodulin-binding protein
- MPKKs:
-
Mitogen-activated protein kinase
- MAPKs:
-
Serine/threonine-protein kinase
- RPKs:
-
Receptor-like protein kinase
- CDPKs:
-
Calcium-dependent protein kinase
- CIPKs:
-
CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinases
- CBLs:
-
Calcineurin B-like proteins
- HAK9:
-
Potassium transporter 9
- TPK1:
-
Two-pore potassium channel 1
- VHA:
-
V-type proton ATPase subunit E3
- NHX7:
-
Sodium/hydrogen exchanger 7-like
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This research was financially supported by the Science and Technology Cooperation Program of XPCC (2020BC001) and the Major Program of XPCC (2018AA005), we are grateful for all the helpful comments from two anonymous reviewers.
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WW and FZ designed the research. WW, LS performed the experiments. WW, JP, and LY performed the data analysis and interpretation. WW, JP, and LY prepared the figures and tables. WW, FZ, JP, TF, and KHMS wrote the manuscript. All authors read, commented on and approved the manuscript.
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344_2022_10774_MOESM2_ESM.tif
Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in canola roots exposed to Na2CO3 stress for 2h a, 24h b, and 72h c compared with the control (0 h). Supplementary file2 (TIF 10678 KB)
344_2022_10774_MOESM3_ESM.tif
Transcript levels from qRT-PCR to validate those from RNA-Seq in canola roots exposed to 40 mM Na2CO3. The vertical coordinates represent the log2 transformations of the fold change in gene expression under salt stress compared with the control (no salt). Data were means + s.d. (n = 3). Supplementary file3 (TIF 916 KB)
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Wang, W., Pang, J., Zhang, F. et al. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Key Molecular Pathways in Response to Alkaline Salt Stress in Canola (Brassica napus L.) Roots. J Plant Growth Regul 42, 3111–3127 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-022-10774-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-022-10774-3