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Harnessing Rhizospheric Microbes for Eco-friendly and Sustainable Crop Production in Saline Environments

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Abstract

Soil salinization is a global issue that negatively impacts crop yield and has become a prime concern for researchers worldwide. Many important crop plants are susceptible to salinity-induced stresses, including ionic and osmotic stress. Approximately, 20% of the world's cultivated and 33% of irrigated land is affected by salt. While various agricultural practices have been successful in alleviating salinity stress, they can be costly and not environment-friendly. Therefore, there is a need for cost-effective and eco-friendly practices to improve soil health. One promising approach involves utilizing microbes found in the vicinity of plant roots to mitigate the effects of salinity stress and enhance plant growth as well as crop yield. By exploiting the salinity tolerance of plants and their associated rhizospheric microorganisms, which have plant growth-promoting properties, it is possible to reduce the adverse effects of salt stress on crop plants. The soil salinization is a common problem in the world, due to which we are unable to use the saline land. To make proper use of this land for different crops, microorganisms can play an important role. Looking at the increasing population of the world, this will be an appreciated effort to make the best use of the wasted land for food security. The updated information on this issue is needed. In this context, this article provides a concise review of the latest research on the use of salt-tolerant rhizospheric microorganisms to mitigate salinity stress in crop plants.

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Abbreviations

ABA:

Abscisic acid

ACC:

1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid

AMF:

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

AsA:

Antioxidants ascorbate

CAT:

Catalase

Cl− :

Chloride ion

EC:

Electrical conductivity

EPS:

Exopolysaccharides

GPX:

Guaiacol peroxidase

GR:

Glutathione reductase

H2O2 :

Hydrogen peroxide

HCN:

Hydrogen cyanide

IAA:

Indole acetic acid

JA:

Jasmonic acid

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

Mha:

Million hectares

mM:

Millimolar

Na+ :

Sodium ion

NaCl:

Sodium chloride

NOR:

Nitric oxide reductase

P:

Phosphorus

PGPB:

Plant growth-promoting bacteria

PGPMs:

Plant growth-promoting microbes

POD:

Peroxidase dismutase

POX:

Peroxidase

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

Zn:

Zinc

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Rai Bareli Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 220026, India

    Sanjay K. Goswami, Rajeev Kumar & Ranjit Singh Gujjar

  2. ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganism, Mau, 275103, India

    Abhijeet S. Kashyap & Nazia Manzar

  3. ICAR-CSSRI Regional Research Station, Rai Bareli Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 220026, India

    Arjun Singh

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  1. Sanjay K. Goswami
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  2. Abhijeet S. Kashyap
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  3. Rajeev Kumar
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  4. Ranjit Singh Gujjar
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  5. Arjun Singh
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All the authors contributed in the manuscript. SKG, ASK, RSG, and NM drafted the manuscript. RK, RSG, AS, and SKG edited and prepared the final version of manuscript. The final version of manuscript has been approved by all the authors.

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Goswami, S.K., Kashyap, A.S., Kumar, R. et al. Harnessing Rhizospheric Microbes for Eco-friendly and Sustainable Crop Production in Saline Environments. Curr Microbiol 81, 14 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00284-023-03538-z

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