Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Growth Enhancement of Chickpea in Saline Soils Using Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria

  • Published:
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Bacterial isolates with the ability to tolerate salinity and plant growth-promoting features were isolated from the saline areas of Gujarat, India, that is, Bhavnagar and Khambat. A total of 176 strains of rhizobacteria were isolated out of which 62 bacterial strains were able to tolerate 1 M NaCl. These were then further studied for their potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria characteristics like phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, and IAA production. Twenty-eight isolates of the 62 strains showed good tricalcium phosphate solubilization in solid medium in the range of 9–22 mm and 15 isolates showed good phosphate solubilization in liquid medium in the range of 9–45 μg/ml. Siderophore production was checked in all 15 isolates, and 13 were screened out that produced the hydroxamate type of siderophore in the range of 11–50 mM. Among the 13 isolates, 10 were able to produce indole acetic acid in the range of 10–26 μg/ml after 72 h of incubation. Pot trials were carried out on chickpea under 300 mM NaCl stress using the best five isolates. Plants inoculated with MSC1 or MSC4 isolates showed an increase in the parameters that evaluate plant growth when compared to uninoculated controls. Strains MSC1 and MSC4 were identified as Pseudomonas putida and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligens, respectively, according to sequence analysis of the 16S rRNA gene.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abd El-Azeem SAM, Mehana TA, Shabayek AA (2007) Some plant growth promoting traits of rhizobacteria isolated from Suez Canal region, Egypt. Afr Crop Sci Conf Proc 8:1517–1525

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnow LE (1937) Colorimetric estimation of the components of 3,4-dihyroxyphenylalanine tyrosine mixtures. J Biol Chem 118:531–535

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ashraf M, Waheed A (1993) Responses of some genetically diverse lines of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) to salt. Plant Soil 154:257–266

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Autoun H, Kleopper JW (2001) Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). In: Brenner S, Miller JF (eds) Encyclopedia of genetics. Academic Press, New York, pp 1477–1480

    Google Scholar 

  • Brick JM, Bostock RM, Silverstone SE (1991) Rapid in situ assay for indole acetic acid production by bacteria immobilized on nitrocellulose membrane. Appl Environ Microbiol 57:535–538

    Google Scholar 

  • Chandra S, Choure K, Dubey RC, Maheshwari DK (2007) Rhizosphere competent Mesorhizobium loti MP 6 induces root hair curling, inhibits Sclerotium sclerotiorum, and enhances growth of Indian mustard (Brassica campestris). Braz J Microbiol 38:124–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chapman HD, Pratt PF (1978) Methods of analysis for soils, plants and waters. Univ Calif Div Agric Sci 3034, Berkeley

  • Cheeseman JM (1988) Mechanisms of salinity tolerance in plants. J Plant Physiol 87:547–550

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cicek N, Cakirlar H (2002) The effect of salinity on some physiological parameters in two maize cultivars. Bulg J Plant Physiol 281:66–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Datta C, Basu PS (2000) Indole acetic acid production by a Rhizobium species from root nodules of a leguminous shrub, Cajanus cajan. Microbiol Res 155:123–127

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garg N, Singla R (2004) Growth, photosynthesis, nodule nitrogen and carbon fixation in the chickpea cultivars under salt stress. Braz J Plant Physiol 16(3):137–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaur AC (1990) Phosphate solubilizing micro-organisms as biofertilizer. Omega Scientific Publishers, New Delhi

    Google Scholar 

  • Gibson F, Magrath DI (1969) The isolation and characterization of hydroxamic-acid (Aerobactin) formed by Aerobacter aerogenes 62-1. Biochem Biophys Acta 192:175–184

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee YH, Lee H, Lee DK, Shim HK (2001) Factors relating to induced systemic resistance in watermelon by plant growth promoting Pseudomonas spp. Plant Pathol 17:174–179

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee KD, Bai Y, Smith D, Han HS, Supanjani (2005) Isolation of plant-growth-promoting endophytic bacteria from bean nodules. Res J Agric Biol Sci 1:232–236

    Google Scholar 

  • Mishra M, Kumar U, Mishra PK, Prakash V (2010) Efficiency of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for the enhancement of Cicer arietinum L. growth and germination under salinity. Adv Biol Res 4(2):92–96

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Munns R (2003) Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant Cell Environ 25:239–250

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nadeem SM, Hussain I, Naveed M, Asghar HN, Zahir ZA, Arshad M (2006) Performance of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria containing ACC-deaminase activity for improving growth of maize under salt stressed conditions. Pak J Agric Sci 43:114–121

    Google Scholar 

  • Olsen SR, Cole CV, Watanabe FS, Dean LA (1954) Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. US Department of Agriculture Circular No. 939. US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Pandya U, Saraf M (2010) Role of single fungal isolates and consortia as plant growth promoters under saline conditions. Res J Biotechnol 5(3):5–9

    Google Scholar 

  • Pesqeira J, Garcia MD, Staltari S, Molina M, Del C (2006) NaCl effects in Zea mays L. x Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L. hybrid calli and plants. Elect J Biotechnol 9:286–290

    Google Scholar 

  • Rajankar PN, Tambekhar DH, Wate SR (2007) Study of phosphate solubilization efficiencies of fungi and bacteria isolated from saline belt of Purna river basin. Res J Agric Biol Sci 3:701–703

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sambrook J, Fritsch FE, Maniatis TA (1989) Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarode PD, Rane MR, Chaudhari BL, Chincholkar SB (2009) Siderophoregenic Acinetobacter calcoaceticus isolated from wheat rhizosphere with strong PGPR activity. Malays J Microbiol 5(1):6–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Schollenberger CJ, Simon RH (1945) Determination of exchange capacity and exchangeable bases in soil-ammonium acetate method. Soil Sci 59:13–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schwyn B, Neilands JB (1987) Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophores. Anal Biochem 160:47–56

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Subba Rao NS (1982) Biofertilizers. In: Subba Rao NS (ed) Advances in agricultural microbiology. Butterworth Scientific, London, pp 219–303

    Google Scholar 

  • Tamura K, Dudley J, Nei M, Kumar S (2007) MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Mol Bio Evol 24:1596–1599

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tank ND, Saraf MS (2003) Phosphate solubilization, exopolysaccharide production and indole-3-acetic acid secretion by rhizobacteria isolated form Trigonella foenum-graenum. Ind J Microbiol 43:37–40

    Google Scholar 

  • Tank ND, Saraf MS (2010) Salinity resistant PGPR ameliorates NaCl stress on tomato plants. J Plant Interact 5:51–58

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vivas A, Marialanda JM, Ruiz-Lozano, Barea JM (2003) Influence of Bacillus spp. on physiological activities of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and plant responses to PEG-induced drought stress. Mycorrhiza 13:249–256

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walkley A, Black IA (1934) An examination of the Degtjareff method for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic acid titration method. Soil Sci 34:29–38

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Xu G, Magen H, Kafkaf U (2000) Advances in chloride nutrition in plants. Adv Agron 68:97–150

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yildirim E, Taylor AG, Spittler TD (2006) Ameliorative effects of biological treatments on growth of squash plants under salt stress. Sci Hortic 111:1–6

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zahir ZA, Munir A, Asghar HN, Shaharoona B, Arshad M (2008) Effectiveness of rhizobacteria containing ACC deaminase for growth promotion of peas (Pisum sativum) under drought conditions. J Microbiol Biotechnol 18(5):958–963

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

Funding for this study was obtained by the lead author, Prof. Meenu Saraf, from British Petroleum International Ltd. (BP). We are thankful to BP international Ltd., for their fellowship.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380 009, Gujarat, India

    Dhara Patel, Chaitanya Kumar Jha, Neelam Tank & Meenu Saraf

Authors
  1. Dhara Patel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chaitanya Kumar Jha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Neelam Tank
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Meenu Saraf
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Meenu Saraf.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Patel, D., Jha, C.K., Tank, N. et al. Growth Enhancement of Chickpea in Saline Soils Using Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria. J Plant Growth Regul 31, 53–62 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-011-9219-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00344-011-9219-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation