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Bacteria endemic to saline coastal belt and their ability to mitigate the effects of salt stress on rice growth and yields

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Abstract

Increase in soil salinity adversely affects the metabolism and lowers the yield of rice (Oryza sativa L). Application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to ameliorate the effects of salt stress on sensitive rice can be both effective and sustainable. In this study, 20 bacterial strains were isolated from the soil of saline-prone regions of Satkhira, north of the Sundarbans in coastal Bangladesh. Three bacteria among these grew well in the presence of 3 M salt (NaCl) and were Gram positive and non-motile. Their 16S rRNA sequence revealed that they belong to the Halobacillus genus. Two of them were identified as Halobacillus dabanensis strain SB-26 and the other one as Halobacillus sp. GSP 34. A couple of mechanisms by which these microbes could play beneficial role if associated with plants, such as nitrogen fixation and indole acetic acid (IAA) production, were identified. The two bacterial strains showed positive results for nitrogen fixation and indole acetic acid (IAA) activity under salt stress. Their effect on the physiology and yield of a farmer popular but sensitive BRRI dhan 28 rice variety was investigated under both control and salt stress. At the seedling stage, inoculated plants had significantly greater root length, shoot height, total weight, chlorophyll content, but lower electrolyte leakage both in control and salt stress (0, 40, and 80 mM). Performance of the plants was even better when both bacteria were used in combination. At the reproductive stage, the plants also showed better phenology in presence of the inoculated bacteria. Under stress (50 mM NaCl), these plants showed significantly greater plant height, lower spikelet damage, and yield reduction compared to untreated plants. The identified Halobacillus strains can therefore be used to improve the yield of rice by exploiting their plant growth promotion activities in coastal areas affected by moderate salinity, such as those with an ionic conductivity of up to 5 dS m−1.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the grant to Z.I.S. by the Ministry of Science and Technology. We would like to thank Raju Ahmed for taking care of rice plants in the net house at DU.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh

    Fahmida Sultana Rima, Sudip Biswas, Protup Kumer Sarker, Md. Rakibul Islam & Zeba I. Seraj

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  1. Fahmida Sultana Rima
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  2. Sudip Biswas
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  3. Protup Kumer Sarker
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  4. Md. Rakibul Islam
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  5. Zeba I. Seraj
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Contributions

All authors contributed significantly to this study. FR and SB performed isolation techniques, molecular identification, did some plant growth promotion activities, comparative physiology, compiled the data, and did statistical analyses. MRI helped in those techniques. PS helped in doing physiological screening both in seedling and reproductive stages. ZIS designed the study and helped in writing the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zeba I. Seraj.

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Rima, F.S., Biswas, S., Sarker, P.K. et al. Bacteria endemic to saline coastal belt and their ability to mitigate the effects of salt stress on rice growth and yields. Ann Microbiol 68, 525–535 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-018-1358-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13213-018-1358-7

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