Abstract
Leishmania is a complex disease caused by the protozoan parasites and transmitted by female phlebotomine sandfly. The disease affects some of the poorest people on earth with an estimated 700,000 to 1 million new cases annually. The current treatment for leishmaniasis is toxic, long, and limited, in view of the high resistance rate presented by the parasite, necessitating new perspectives for treatment. The discovery of new compounds with different targets can be a hope to make the treatment more efficient. Microbial metabolites and their structural analogues with enormous scaffold diversity and structural complexity have historically played a key role in drug discovery. We found thirty-nine research articles published between 1999 and 2021 in the scientific database (PubMed, Science Direct) describing microbes and their metabolites with activity against leishmanial parasites which is the focus of this review.
Key points
• Leishmania affects the poorest regions of the globe
• Current treatments for leishmaniasis are toxic and of limited efficacy
• Microbial metabolites are potential sources of antileishmania drugs
Graphical abstract
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References
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank CAPES (Coordenação Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior) for the master scholarship that supported the first author. We would also like to thank Camilla Valenca for the support provided in structuring Figure 1. Eliana B. Souto is thankful to the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT/MEC) for the project UIDB/04469/2020 granted through national funds, and co-financed by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020.
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AFSC, YLDCO, SSD and RS contributed for the conceptualization, methodology, validation, formal analysis, and investigation, and writing—original draft preparation. EBS, JAL and SJ contributed for the methodology, supervision, writing—review and editing, project administration, resources, and funding acquisition. All authors have made a substantial contribution to the work. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
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da Cunha, A.F.S., Di C. Oliveira, Y.L., Dolabella, S.S. et al. Anti-leishmanial compounds from microbial metabolites: a promising source. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 105, 8227–8240 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11610-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-021-11610-6