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Urinary incontinence status and risk factors in women aged 50–70 years: a cross-sectional study in Hunan, China

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Abstract

Introduction and hypothesis

Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common condition that may decrease women’s quality of life. Risk factors remain debatable based on previous research. We aimed to determine the prevalence of UI and associated risk factors among women aged 50–70 years in Hunan, China.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted from May to August 2018 using a face-to-face questionnaire. In total, 2790 women aged 50–70 years were recruited using multi-stage stratified random sampling in Hunan. Dependent variable was UI. Independent variables were demographic characteristics, health behaviours, obstetric history and comorbidity. Data were entered into EpiData and analysed using SPSS. Chi-square tests were used to assess associations between categorical variables. Statistically significant variables (p ≤ 0.05) were then analysed by logistic regression.

Results

The prevalence of UI was 14.84% (414/2790). Of the women with UI, 61.1% (253/414) had stress urinary incontinence (SUI), 21.5% (89/414) had urgency urinary incontinence (UUI), and 17.1% (72/414) had mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). Risk factors for UI included ageing, living in the countryside, history of gynaecological disease, hypertension and cardiovascular disease.

Conclusions

UI in women aged 50–70 years in Hunan was not as prevalent as reported in previous studies. Some possible reasons are addressed; for example, the primary survey in this study was not a UI-focused survey. Women who were older, lived in the countryside and had histories of gynaecological disease, hypertension or cardiovascular disease were more likely to have UI. Health departments and medical staff should target patients with factors that potential contribute to UI development.

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Abbreviations

UI:

Urinary incontinence

SUI:

Stress urinary incontinence

UUI:

Urgency urinary incontinence

MUI:

Mixed urinary incontinence

ICS:

International Continence Society

BMI:

Body mass index

WHNS:

Women’s Health Needs Survey

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Acknowledgments

We thank all the participants and acknowledge the support provided by the Hunan Province and local Women’s Federation, Office of the Committee for Women and Children’s Workers and health administration in Hunan Province in China. We thank the American Journal Experts (AJE) for English language editing. This manuscript was edited for English language by American Journal Experts (AJE).

Funding

This study was funded by the Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Nursing (2017TP1004).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Xiang Ya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, China

    Chen Xu, Mingzhu Chen, Jingxia Fu, Yanting Meng, Si Qin & Yang Luo

Authors
  1. Chen Xu
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  2. Mingzhu Chen
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Contributions

X Chen: Data collection, Data analysis, Manuscript writing.

F Jingxia: Data collection, Manuscript editing.

C Mingzhu: Data collection.

M Yanting: Data collection.

Q Si: Data collection.

L Yang: Project development, Manuscript editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yang Luo.

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Xu, C., Chen, M., Fu, J. et al. Urinary incontinence status and risk factors in women aged 50–70 years: a cross-sectional study in Hunan, China. Int Urogynecol J 32, 95–102 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-020-04259-8

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