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Effect of manufacturing parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of metal laser sintering parts of precipitate hardenable metals

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Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) started as a rapid prototyping (RP) technology to aid in visualizing and validating designs in the design process. However, with the recent improvements in metal AM parts, functional parts can be manufactured using laser-based AM. Currently, metal AM parts have comparable mechanical properties to traditional manufacturing parts. 15-5PH stainless steel and Inconel 718 are two of the most commonly used metals in laser-based AM, and they have a high modulus of elasticity and tensile strength and can be precipitate hardened to increase their strength and hardness by heat treatment. These properties make 15-5PH stainless steel and Inconel 718 suitable for many industrial applications such as aerospace and automotive. However, due to the nature of AM, AM parts usually suffer from anisotropy. In this paper, the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, yield strength, and ductility are investigated at various elevated temperatures up to 350 °C and compared with the mechanical properties at room temperature using specimens printed in three different orientations to capture the effect on the anisotropy. In addition to that, the microstructure of the specimens is studied to investigate the influence of elevated temperature on the specimens.

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Nomenclature

AM additive manufacturing, RP rapid prototyping, ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials, SLA stereolithography, FDM fused deposition modeling, SLS selective laser sintering, DMLS direct metal laser sintering, PBF powder bed fusion, DED direct energy deposition, SLM selective laser melting, BCC body-centered cubic, FCC face-centered cubic, BCT body-centered tetragonal, SEM scanning electron microscope, EDS electron dispersive energy spectroscopy

Funding

The authors would like to thank The University of California Institute for Mexico and the United States (UC MEXUS) for funding this work (Grant No. 69085).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California Merced, 5200 North Lake Rd, Merced, CA, 95343, USA

    Ala’aldin Alafaghani & Ala Qattawi

  2. Departamento de Física y Mathematicas, Universidad de Monterrey, Av. I. Morones Prieto 4500 Pte., 66238, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico

    Mauricio Alberto Garza Castañón

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  1. Ala’aldin Alafaghani
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  2. Ala Qattawi
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  3. Mauricio Alberto Garza Castañón
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Correspondence to Ala Qattawi.

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Alafaghani, A., Qattawi, A. & Castañón, M.A.G. Effect of manufacturing parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of metal laser sintering parts of precipitate hardenable metals. Int J Adv Manuf Technol 99, 2491–2507 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-2586-5

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