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Studies of Standard Heat Treatment Effects on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Net Shape Manufactured INCONEL 718

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Abstract

Laser net shape manufacturing (LNSM) is a laser cladding/deposition based technology, which can fabricate and repair near-net-shape high-performance components directly from metal powders. Characterizing mechanical properties of the laser net shape manufactured components is prerequisite to the applications of LNSM in aircraft engine industrial productions. Nickel-based superalloys such as INCONEL 718 are the most commonly used metal materials in aircraft engine high-performance components. In this study, the laser deposition process is optimized through a set of designed experiments to reduce the porosity to less than 0.03 pct. It is found that the use of plasma rotating electrode processed (PREP) powder and a high energy input level greater than 80 J/mm are necessary conditions to minimize the porosity. Material microstructure and tensile properties of laser-deposited INCONEL 718 are studied and compared under heat treatment conditions of as deposited, direct aged, solution treatment and aging (STA), and full homogenization followed by STA. Tensile test results showed that the direct age heat treatment produces the highest tensile strength equivalent to the wrought material, which is followed by the STA-treated and the homogenization-treated tensile strengths, while the ductility exhibits the reverse trend. Finally, failure modes of the tensile specimens were analyzed with fractography.

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Notes

  1. INCONEL is a trademark of Inco Alloys International, Huntington, WV.

  2. LENS is a trademark of Optomec, Albuquerque, NM.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Jeff Thompson and Chris Canestraro for performing the tensile tests, Renee Rohling and Jim Cournoyer for their support in the SEM fractography analysis, and Michelle Othon and Andrew Deal for their support in the EBSD analysis. Thanks are also due to Todd Rockstroh, Walt Ulanski, and Dave Abbott (GE Aviation) for their support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laser and Metrology Systems Laboratory, Material Systems Technologies, General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA

    H. Qi (Laser Processing Engineer) & M. Azer (Manager)

  2. Ceramics and Metallurgy Technologies, General Electric Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY, 12309, USA

    A. Ritter (Principal Scientist)

Authors
  1. H. Qi
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  2. M. Azer
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  3. A. Ritter
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Correspondence to H. Qi.

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Manuscript submitted January 17, 2009.

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Qi, H., Azer, M. & Ritter, A. Studies of Standard Heat Treatment Effects on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Laser Net Shape Manufactured INCONEL 718. Metall Mater Trans A 40, 2410–2422 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-009-9949-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-009-9949-3

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