Abstract
Radiation-chemical reduction of Ni2+ ions in aqueous solutions of Ni(ClO4)2 containing sodium formate or isopropyl alcohol was studied, γ-Irradiation of deaerated solutions in the presence of polyethyleneimine, polyacrylate, or polyvinyl sulfate gives stable metal sols containing spherical particles 2–4 nm in diameter. The optical absorption spectra of nickel nanoparticles exhibit a band with a maximum at 215±5 nm (ε215=4.7·103 L mol−1 cm−1) and a shoulder at 350 nm. A mechanism for the radiation-chemical reduction of Ni2+ ions by hydrated electrons and organic radicals (CO2- radical anions in the case of HCOONa and Me2C·OH radicals in the case of PriOH). The redox potentials of the Ni2+/Ni0 and Ni+/Ni0 pairs (Ni0 is a nickel atom) are approximately −2.2 and −1.7 V, respectively. The nanoparticles are readily oxidized by O2, H2O2, and other oxidants. The reactions of these species with silver ions yield relatively stable nanoaggregates containing both nickel and silver in addition to silver nanoparticles.
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Published inIzvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 1733–1739, October, 2000.
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Ershov, B.G. Aqueous solutions of colloidal nickel: Radiation-chemical preparation, absorption spectra, and properties. Russ Chem Bull 49, 1715–1721 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02496340
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02496340