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Comparative human oral clinical pharmacology of cefadroxil, cephalexin, and cephradine

Vergleichende klinische Pharmakologie nach oraler Gabe von Cefadroxil, Cephalexin und Cephradin beim Menschen

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Summary

At equivalent oral doses, cefadroxil has a longer serum half-life, slower urinary excretion rate, greater area under the serum level versus time curve than cephalexin or cephadrine, and peak serum concentrations that are 75 to 80% those of cephalexin. The calculated, apparent in vivo volume of distribution of cefadroxil is greater than that of cephalexin. These properties infer greater persistence of cefadroxil in serum und urine and more prolonged in vivo bacterial exposure to cefadroxil than to cephalexin or cephradine. Neither cefadroxil nor cephalexin demonstrates drug accumulation on repeated administration. The serum levels achieved by cefadroxil are unaffected by food. The pharmacokinetic properties of cefadroxil are supportive of the development of clinical efficacy data which could indicate that cefadroxil could be administered at 12-h-intervals.

Zusammenfassung

Bei äquivalenter oraler Dosierung hat Cefadroxil eine längere Serum-Halbwertszeit, eine langsamere Urin-Exkretionsrate und eine größere Fläche unter der Serum-Konzentrationszeitkurve als Cephalexin oder Cephradin und Serumspitzenkonzentrationen, die 75–80% derjenigen von Cephalexin betragen. Das errechnete Verteilungsvolumen in vivo von Cefadroxil ist größer als das von Cephalexin. Diese Eigenschaften führen zu einer längeren Verweildauer von Cefadroxil im Serum und Urin und zu einer längeren Exposition von Bakterien in vivo gegenüber Cefadroxil als gegenüber Cephalexin oder Cephradin. Weder Cefadroxil noch Cephalexin weisen bei wiederholter Anwendung eine Kumulation auf. Die mit Cefadroxil erzielten Serumspiegel werden von der Nahrungsaufnahme nicht beeinflußt. Die pharmakokinetischen Eigenschaften von Cefadroxil sprechen dafür, daß die Substanz eine klinische Wirksamkeit entfaltet, die die Gabe von Cefadroxil in zwölfstündlichen Intervallen zuließe.

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Erstveröffentlichung: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 11 (1977) 331.

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Pfeffer, M., Jackson, A., Ximenes, J. et al. Comparative human oral clinical pharmacology of cefadroxil, cephalexin, and cephradine. Infection 8 (Suppl 5), S560–S566 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01639670

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01639670

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