Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of hydroxylamine and silicomolybdate on the decay in delayed light emission in the 6–100 μs range after a single 10 ns flash in pea thylakoids

  • Published:
Photosynthesis Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Measurements are reported on μs delayed light emission, following a single 10 ns excitation flash, in Alaska pea thylakoids treated with hydroxylamine (NH2OH) or with silicomolybdate.

  1. 1.

    In thylakoids treated with 2 mM NH2OH in the light, or in the dark, the quantum yield of delayed light emission is considerably enhanced. A 10 μs lifetime component of delayed light emission is not significantly changed, whereas a 50–70 μs lifetime component is increased. MnCl2 and diphenylcarbazide are unable to reverse the above effects of NH2OH treatment. Thus Mn2+ and diphenylcarbazide must not donate electrons directly to reaction center II but on the oxygen-evolution side of the NH2OH block.

  2. 2.

    When the closed form of photosystem II reaction centers (P680Q-), where P680 is the reaction center chlorophyll and Q is a ‘stable’ electron acceptor, is generated by preillumination of NH2OH-treated thylakoids with diuron present, the μs delayed light emission is inhibited, but a low level residual delayed light emission remains. Possible origins of this emission are discussed. It is believed that the best explanation for residual DLE is the existence of another acceptor besides Q that partakes in charge separation and rapid dissipative recombination when the reaction center is in the P680Q- state.

  3. 3.

    The quantum yield of delayed light emission from ‘closed’ reaction centers (P680 +Q-) that have all charge stabilization reactions (i.e., flow of electrons to P680 + and out of Q-) blocked by NH2OH treatment and addition of diuron is 1.1×10-3 for components measured in a range from 6 to 400 μs and extrapolated to zero time.

  4. 4.

    The addition of silicomolybdate, which accepts electron from Q-, causes delayed light emission in the μs range to be greatly inhibited.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

DCMU:

diuron=3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl) 1,1 dimethylurea

DLE:

delayed light emission

DPC:

diphenylcarbazide

References

  1. ArnoldW (1976) Bath of electrons in photosynthesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 73: 4502–4505.

    Google Scholar 

  2. BabcockGT and SauerK (1975) Two electron donation sites for exogenous reductants in chloroplast photosystem II. Biochem Biophys Acta 396: 48–62.

    Google Scholar 

  3. BennounP (1970) Réoxydation du quencher de fluorescence ‘Q’ en présence de DCMU. Biochim Biophys Acta 216: 357–363.

    Google Scholar 

  4. ButlerWL (1972) The relationship between P-680 and C-550. Biophysical J 12: 851–857.

    Google Scholar 

  5. CheniaeGM and MartinIF (1971) Effects of hydroxylamine on photosystem II. I. Factor affecting the decay of O2 evolution. Plant Physiol 47: 568–575.

    Google Scholar 

  6. CramerWA and ButlerWL (1969) Potentiometric titration of the fluorescence yield of spinach chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 172: 503–510.

    Google Scholar 

  7. DenHaanGA et al (1974) Fluorescence yield kinetics in the microsecond range in Chlorella pyrenoidosa and spinach chloroplasts in the presence of hydroxylamine. Biochim Biophys Acta 368: 409–421.

    Google Scholar 

  8. DenHaanGA et al (1976) Correlation between flash-induced oxygen evolution and fluorescence yield kinetics in the 0 to 16 μs range in Chlorella pyrenoidosa during incubation with hydroxylamine. Biochim Biophys Acta 430: 265–281.

    Google Scholar 

  9. DuysensLNM and SweersHE (1963) Mechanism of two photochemical reactions in algae as studied by fluorescence. In Japan Society of Plant Physiology, eds. Studies in Microalgae and Photosynthetic Bacteria, pp 353–372. Tokyo, Univ. of Tokyo Press.

    Google Scholar 

  10. DuysensLNM et al (1974) Rapid reactions of photosystem II as studied by the kineties of the fluorescence and luminescence of chlorophyll a in Chlorella pyrenoidosa. In AvronM, ed. Proceedings of the Third International Congress on Photosynthesis, pp 1–12. The Netherlands, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company.

    Google Scholar 

  11. EckertHJ and RengerG (1980) Photochemistry of the reaction centers of system II under repetitive flash group excitation in isolated chloroplasts. Photochem Photobiol 31: 501–511.

    Google Scholar 

  12. FloydRA et al (1971) Low temperature photo-induced reactions in green leaves and chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta 226: 103–112.

    Google Scholar 

  13. GiaquintaRT et al (1974) Photophesphorylation not coupled to DCMU-insensitive photosystem II oxygen evolution. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 59: 985–991.

    Google Scholar 

  14. GlaserM et al (1976) Indireet evidence for a very fast recovery kinetics of chlorophyll-all in spinach chloroplasts. Z Naturforsch 31c: 712–721.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Govindjee and JursinicP (1979) Photosynthesis and fast changes in light emission by green plants. In SmithKC, ed. Photochemical and Photobiological Reviews, Vol 4, pp. 125–205. New York, Plenum Press.

    Google Scholar 

  16. HavemanJ and LavorelJ (1975) Identification of the 120 μs phase in the decay of delayed fluorescence in spinach chloroplasts and subchloroplast particles as the intrinsic back reaction. The dependence of the level of this phase on the thylakoid internal pH. Biochim Biophys Acta 408: 269–283.

    Google Scholar 

  17. JoliotP and JoliotA (1972) Studies on the quenching properties of photosystem II electron acceptor. In FortiG et al. eds. Proceedings of the Second International Congress on Photosynthesis Research, pp. 26–38. The Hague, Junk.

    Google Scholar 

  18. JoliotP and JoliotA (1981) A photosystem II electron acceptor which is not a plastoquinone. FEBS Lett 134: 155–158.

    Google Scholar 

  19. JursinicP and Govindjec (1977) The rise in chlorophyll a fluorescence yield and decay in delayed light emission in tris-washed chloroplasts in the 6–100 μs time range after an excitation flash. Biochim Biophys Acta 461: 253–267.

    Google Scholar 

  20. JursinicP et al (1976) A major site of bicarbonate effect in system II reaction evidence from ESR signal IIvf, fast fluorescence yield changes and delayed light emission. Biochim Biophys Acta 440: 322–330.

    Google Scholar 

  21. KimimuraM and KatohS (1972) Studies on electron transport associated with photosystem I. I. Functional site of plastocyanin: Inhibitory effects of HgCl2 on electron transport and plastocyanin in chloroplasts. Plant Cell Physiol 13: 287–296.

    Google Scholar 

  22. KlimovVV et al (1978) Measurement of activation energy and lifetime of fluorescence of PS II chlorophyll. Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 242: 1204–1207.

    Google Scholar 

  23. LatimerP et al (1957) The absolute quantum yield of fluorescence of photosynthetically active pigment. In GaffronH et al., eds. Research in Photosynthesis, pp. 107–112. New York, Wiley Interscience.

    Google Scholar 

  24. LavorelJ (1969) On a relation between fluorescence and luminescence in photosynthetic systems. Prog Photosynth. Res 2: 883–898.

    Google Scholar 

  25. LavorelJ (1973) Kinetics of luminescence in the 10-6 to 10-4 s range in Chlorella. Biochim Biophys Acta 325: 213–229.

    Google Scholar 

  26. LavorelJ (1975) Luminescence. In Govindjee, ed. Bioenergetics of photosynthesis, pp. 223–317. New York, Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  27. MarT and RoyG (1974) A kinetic model of the primary back reaction in photosynthesis of green plants. J. Theor Biol 48: 257–281.

    Google Scholar 

  28. MelisA and HomannPH (1976) Heterogeneity of the photochemical centers in system II of chloroplasts. Photochem Photobiol 23: 343–350.

    Google Scholar 

  29. MohantyP et al (1971) Action of hydroxylamine in the red alga Porphyridium eruentum. Biochem Biophys Acta 253: 213–221.

    Google Scholar 

  30. MohantyP et al (1980) Further characterization of a photosystem II particle isolated from spinach chloroplasts by triton treatment. Delayed light emission. Biochim Biophys Acta 545: 285–295.

    Google Scholar 

  31. RubyRH (1968) Delayed fluorescence in photosynthetic materials: Transient response to pulsed light in Chlorella. Photochem Photobiol 8: 299–308.

    Google Scholar 

  32. SchmidGH et al (1976) Effect of an antiserum to a thylakoid membrane polypeptide on the primary photoreaction of photosystem II. Z Naturforsch 31 c: 594–600.

    Google Scholar 

  33. SonneveldA et al (1979) Chlorophyll a fluorescence as a monitor of nanosecond reduction of the photooxidized primary donor P +680 of photosystem II. Biochim Biophys Acta 548: 536–551.

    Google Scholar 

  34. StacyWT et al (1971) An analysis of a triplet exciton model for the delayed light in Chlorella. Photochem Photobiol 14: 197–219.

    Google Scholar 

  35. TollinG et al (1958) Delayed light emission in green plant materials: Temperature-dependence and quantum yield Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 44: 1035–1047.

    Google Scholar 

  36. VanBestJA and DuysensLNM (1979) A one microsecond component of chlorophyll luminescence suggesting a primary acceptor of system 2 of photosynthesis different than Q. Biochim Biophys Acta 459: 187–206.

    Google Scholar 

  37. VanGorkomHJ and DonzeM (1973) Charge accumulation in the reaction center of photosystem 2. Photochem Photobiol 17: 333–342.

    Google Scholar 

  38. ZankelKL (1971) Rapid delayed luminescence from chioroplasts: Kinetic analysis of components; the relationship to the O2 evolving system. 245: 373–385.

    Google Scholar 

  39. ZilinskasBA and Govindjee (1975) Silicomolybdate and silicotungstate mediated dichlorophenyl-dimethylurea-insensitive photosystem II reaction: Electron flow, chlorophyll a fluorescence and delayed light emission changes. Biochim Biophys Acta 387: 306–319.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Northern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Aggiculture, 61604, Feoria, Illinois, (USA)

    Paul Jursinic

  2. Department of Physiology and Biophysics and Botany, University of Illinois, 61801, Urbana, Illinois, (USA)

    Govindjee

Authors
  1. Paul Jursinic
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Govindjee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jursinic, P., Govindjee Effects of hydroxylamine and silicomolybdate on the decay in delayed light emission in the 6–100 μs range after a single 10 ns flash in pea thylakoids. Photosynth Res 3, 161–177 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00032254

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00032254

Key words

Search

Navigation