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Adsorption of cadmium ions from aqueous solutions using nano-montmorillonite: kinetics, isotherm and mechanism evaluations

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Abstract

With increasing industrial development, heavy metal pollution, e.g., cadmium (Cd) pollution, is increasingly serious in soil and water environments. This study investigated the sorption performance of nano-montmorillonite (NMMT) for Cd ions. Adsorption experiments were carried out to examine the effects of the initial metal ion concentration (22.4–224 mg/L), pH (2.5–7.5), contact time (2–180 min) and temperature (15–40 °C). A simulated acid rain solution was prepared to study the desorption of Cd adsorbed on NMMT. After the adsorption or desorption process, the supernatant was analyzed using a flame atomic absorption spectrometry method. The Cd removal rate increased as the pH and contact time increased but decreased as the initial metal ion concentration increased. The maximum adsorption capacity was estimated to be 17.61 mg/g at a Cd2+ concentration of 22.4 mg/L. The sorption process can be described by both the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the kinetic studies revealed that the pseudo-second-order model fit the experimental data. The Cd desorption rate when exposed to simulated acid rain was less than 1%. NMMT possesses a good adsorption capacity for Cd ions. Additionally, ion exchange was the main adsorption mechanism, but some precipitation or surface adsorption also occurred.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0801003) and the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41501526).

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Author notes

  1. Wei Liu and Shutao Wang have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China

    Wei Liu, Chenchen Zhao, Lin Niu, Yunli Wang, Shuxuan Liang & Zhe Cui

  2. Land and Resources College, Agriculture University of Hebei, 89 Lingyu Temple Street, Baoding, 071002, China

    Shutao Wang

Authors
  1. Wei Liu
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  2. Chenchen Zhao
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  3. Shutao Wang
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  4. Lin Niu
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  5. Yunli Wang
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  7. Zhe Cui
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Correspondence to Shutao Wang.

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Liu, W., Zhao, C., Wang, S. et al. Adsorption of cadmium ions from aqueous solutions using nano-montmorillonite: kinetics, isotherm and mechanism evaluations. Res Chem Intermed 44, 1441–1458 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11164-017-3178-y

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