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Bio-physical investigation of calcium silicate biomaterials by green synthesis- osseous tissue regeneration

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Abstract

CaSiO3 wollastonite biomaterials were synthesized by hydrothermal approach in three different weight percentages of SiO2 and CaO (CA—25:75, CB—50:50, and CC—75:25) extracted from silica sand and limestone. In vitro biological testing revealed the materials bioactivity in SBF and their antibacterial efficacy against Streptococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. By direct contact with the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line, the cell viability against synthesized biomaterials was examined. These bio-properties were interlinked with the degradation rate of biomaterials in biofluid, which was observed under Tris–Hcl immersion. The regulated degradation of synthesized biomaterial simultaneously constrained the alkaline pH shift, which is beneficial for bioactivation and biocompatibility. It attained a compressive strength of 73 MPa without failure, which is equivalent to or higher than conventional bioglass and suitable for load-bearing sites. The synthesized biomaterials acquire excellent bioactivity, biocompatibility, and mechanical stability through controlled degradation versus bone apatite formation in a balanced manner, supported by porously fused structure.

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All data are associated with the written manuscript.

Abbreviations

SBF:

Simulated body fluid

Hap:

Hydroxyapatite

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to laboratory facility in Department of Physics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar Universiy, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu and extend their sincere thanks to MNCF CeNSE, IISC, Bangalore for XRD, FESEM-EDS, and Micro UTM facilities. We are thankful to The South Indian Textile Research Association (SITRA) for cytotoxicity test.

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  1. Department of Physics, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, 627012, India

    S. Sakthi Muthulakshmi, S. Shailajha & B. Shanmugapriya

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  1. S. Sakthi Muthulakshmi
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Correspondence to S. Shailajha.

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Sakthi Muthulakshmi, S., Shailajha, S. & Shanmugapriya, B. Bio-physical investigation of calcium silicate biomaterials by green synthesis- osseous tissue regeneration. Journal of Materials Research 38, 4369–4384 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-023-01149-9

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